Erysimum suffrutescens |
Erysimum repandum |
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island wallflower, suffrutescent wallflower |
bushy wallflower, repand wallflower, spreading wallflower, treacle mustard |
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Habit | Perennials or subshrubs. | Annuals. |
Stems | ascending, proximal branches terminating in sterile rosettes, (woody at base), 1.5–8.1 dm. |
erect, unbranched or branched basally, (0.4–)1.5–4.5(–7) dm. |
Basal leaves | blade linear to linear-oblanceolate, 3.7–15 cm × 1.5–6(–7) mm, base attenuate, margins usually entire, rarely sparsely denticulate, apex acute. |
(often withered by fruiting), similar to cauline. |
Cauline leaves | (distal) sessile; blade similar to basal. |
(proximal and median) petiolate and (distal) sessile, (petiole (0.3–)0.5–2(–3) cm); blade [linear, narrowly oblanceolate, elliptic, or oblong, (1–)2–8(–11) cm × (2–)5–12(–17) mm, base attenuate], margins sinuate or coarsely dentate to denticulate or repand, (distal) entire or denticulate, (apex acute). |
Racemes | considerably elongated in fruit. |
considerably elongated in fruit. |
Flowers | sepals oblong to linear-oblong, 6–11 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals yellow, obovate to suborbicular, (11–)14–20(–22) × (3–)4–11.5 mm, claw 8–13 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 7–11 mm; anthers linear, 2.5–4 mm. |
sepals linear-oblong, 4–6 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals yellow, narrowly oblanceolate to spatulate, 6–8 × 1.5–2 mm, claw 3–6 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 4–6 mm; anthers narrowly oblong, 0.8–1.3 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, (3–)5–10 mm. |
divaricate, stout, as wide as fruit, 2–4(–6) mm. |
Fruits | ascending to spreading, narrowly linear, straight or only slightly curved inward, not torulose, (2–)3–8.4(–11) cm × 1.5–2.4(–3.5) mm, 4-angled to only slightly latiseptate, not striped; valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2–4-rayed, glabrous inside; ovules 48–82 per ovary; style cylindrical, stout, 0.5–4 mm, sparsely pubescent; stigma slightly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. |
widely spreading to divaricate-ascending, narrowly linear, straight or curved upward, somewhat torulose, (2–)3–8(–10) cm × 1.5–2 mm, 4-angled, not striped; valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2-rayed and, fewer, 3-rayed, often glabrous, sometimes pubescent inside; ovules (40–)50–80(–90) per ovary; style cylindrical or subclavate, stout, 1–4 mm, sparsely pubescent; stigma slightly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. |
Seeds | oblong, 1.5–2.5(–3) × (0.7–)1–1.2(–1.4) mm; not winged or winged apically. |
oblong, 1.1–1.5 × 0.6–0.7 mm; not winged or, rarely, winged distally. |
Trichomes | of leaves 2-rayed, sometimes mixed with 3- or 4-rayed ones. |
of leaves 2-rayed, mixed with fewer 3-rayed ones. |
2n | = 36. |
= 16. |
Erysimum suffrutescens |
Erysimum repandum |
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Phenology | Flowering Dec–Aug. | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Stabilized coastal sand dunes, coastal scrub vegetation | Disturbed sites, roadsides, fields, waste places, barren hillsides, brush communities, pastures |
Elevation | 0-150 m (0-500 ft) | 0-2100 m (0-6900 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
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AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OK; OR; PA; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WV; WY; BC; ON; QC; Eurasia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, Australia]
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Discussion | Erysimum suffrutescens is restricted to the coastal regions of Los Angeles County northward into San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, and Ventura counties. Both G. B. Rossbach (1958, 1958b) and R. C. Rollins (1993) treated it as a distinct species, but R. A. Price (1993) transferred it (invalidly) to a subspecies of E. insulare. The latter species has angustiseptate (versus 4-angled to slightly latiseptate) fruits, and the two are sufficiently distinct to be recognized as independent species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 544. | FNA vol. 7, p. 544. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cheiranthus suffrutescens, E. concinnum subsp. suffrutescens, E. suffrutescens var. grandifolium | Cheirinia repanda |
Name authority | (Abrams) Rossbach: Aliso 4: 121. (1958) | Linnaeus: Demonstr. Pl., 17. (1753) |
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