Erysimum suffrutescens |
Erysimum coarctatum |
|
---|---|---|
island wallflower, suffrutescent wallflower |
small-flower prairie wallflower |
|
Habit | Perennials or subshrubs. | Biennials or perennials; (caudex thickened, usually simple, rarely branched). |
Stems | ascending, proximal branches terminating in sterile rosettes, (woody at base), 1.5–8.1 dm. |
erect, unbranched or branched basally and/or distally, (0.8–)1.5–7(–9.4) dm. |
Basal leaves | blade linear to linear-oblanceolate, 3.7–15 cm × 1.5–6(–7) mm, base attenuate, margins usually entire, rarely sparsely denticulate, apex acute. |
blade oblanceolate to linear-oblanceolate, 2–7 cm × 2–7 mm, base attenuate, margins entire or denticulate, apex acute. |
Cauline leaves | (distal) sessile; blade similar to basal. |
sessile; blade margins entire or denticulate. |
Racemes | considerably elongated in fruit. |
(densely flowered), elongated or not in fruit. |
Flowers | sepals oblong to linear-oblong, 6–11 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals yellow, obovate to suborbicular, (11–)14–20(–22) × (3–)4–11.5 mm, claw 8–13 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 7–11 mm; anthers linear, 2.5–4 mm. |
sepals linear-oblong, 5–8 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals yellow, narrowly obovate to spatulate, (8–)10–15 × (2–)2.5–4 mm, claw 6–9 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 6–10 mm; anthers narrowly linear, 1.7–2 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, (3–)5–10 mm. |
usually ascending, rarely divaricate-ascending, stout, slightly narrower than fruit, (often crowded), 4–7(–10) mm. |
Fruits | ascending to spreading, narrowly linear, straight or only slightly curved inward, not torulose, (2–)3–8.4(–11) cm × 1.5–2.4(–3.5) mm, 4-angled to only slightly latiseptate, not striped; valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2–4-rayed, glabrous inside; ovules 48–82 per ovary; style cylindrical, stout, 0.5–4 mm, sparsely pubescent; stigma slightly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. |
suberect to ascending, (subappressed to rachis or not), narrowly linear, straight, not torulose, 2.5–5.8(–6.4) cm × 1.8–2.5 mm, slightly 4-angled, not striped; valves with somewhat prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2–4-rayed, glabrous inside; ovules 40–56 per ovary; style stout, 0.5–1.5 mm, moderately to sparsely pubescent; stigma strongly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. |
Seeds | oblong, 1.5–2.5(–3) × (0.7–)1–1.2(–1.4) mm; not winged or winged apically. |
ovoid to oblong, 1.5–2 × 1–1.2 mm; not winged. |
Trichomes | of leaves 2-rayed, sometimes mixed with 3- or 4-rayed ones. |
of leaves 2- (or 3-) rayed. |
2n | = 36. |
= 54. |
Erysimum suffrutescens |
Erysimum coarctatum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Dec–Aug. | Flowering Jul–Aug. |
Habitat | Stabilized coastal sand dunes, coastal scrub vegetation | Calcareous talus and cliffs, meadows, bluffs, spruce forests, roadsides, crevices, ledges |
Elevation | 0-150 m (0-500 ft) | 200-3000 m (700-9800 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
|
AK; AB; NF; NT; QC; YT |
Discussion | Erysimum suffrutescens is restricted to the coastal regions of Los Angeles County northward into San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, and Ventura counties. Both G. B. Rossbach (1958, 1958b) and R. C. Rollins (1993) treated it as a distinct species, but R. A. Price (1993) transferred it (invalidly) to a subspecies of E. insulare. The latter species has angustiseptate (versus 4-angled to slightly latiseptate) fruits, and the two are sufficiently distinct to be recognized as independent species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Both G. B. Rossbach (1958, 1958b) and R. C. Rollins (1993) treated Erysimum coarctatum as a variety of E. inconspicuum. However, the morphological and cytological (G. A. Mulligan 2002) differences clearly support its maintenance as a distinct species. The vast majority of the collections from Yukon belong to E. coarctatum, and the species is reported herein from Alberta [Banff, Clark s.n., July-August (GH)] for the first time. The records from Alaska are based on Scamman 5062 (GH) from Eklutna Lake and Wiggins 12886 (GH) from Umiat on Colville River. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 544. | FNA vol. 7, p. 539. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cheiranthus suffrutescens, E. concinnum subsp. suffrutescens, E. suffrutescens var. grandifolium | E. inconspicuum var. coarctatum |
Name authority | (Abrams) Rossbach: Aliso 4: 121. (1958) | Fernald: Rhodora 29: 141. (1927) |
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