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island wallflower, suffrutescent wallflower

coast wallflower, sand-loving wallflower

Habit Perennials or subshrubs. Biennials or perennials; (short-lived).
Stems

ascending, proximal branches terminating in sterile rosettes, (woody at base), 1.5–8.1 dm.

erect, unbranched or branched distally, 0.4–9(–13) dm.

Basal leaves

blade linear to linear-oblanceolate, 3.7–15 cm × 1.5–6(–7) mm, base attenuate, margins usually entire, rarely sparsely denticulate, apex acute.

blade (somewhat fleshy), linear-oblanceolate, 3.5–15.5 cm × 2–9 mm, base attenuate, margins entire or obscurely dentate, apex acute.

Cauline leaves

(distal) sessile;

blade similar to basal.

blade (oblanceolate), margins entire.

Racemes

considerably elongated in fruit.

considerably elongated in fruit.

Flowers

sepals oblong to linear-oblong, 6–11 mm, lateral pair saccate basally;

petals yellow, obovate to suborbicular, (11–)14–20(–22) × (3–)4–11.5 mm, claw 8–13 mm, apex rounded;

median filaments 7–11 mm;

anthers linear, 2.5–4 mm.

sepals oblong to linear-oblong, 7.5–11(–13) mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally;

petals bright yellow, broadly obovate to suborbicular, 14–24 × 6–11(–14) mm, claw 8–14 mm, apex rounded;

median filaments 8.5–12 mm;

anthers linear, 3–4 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, (3–)5–10 mm.

divaricate to divaricate-ascending, stout, slightly narrower than fruit, 4–10(–13) mm.

Fruits

ascending to spreading, narrowly linear, straight or only slightly curved inward, not torulose, (2–)3–8.4(–11) cm × 1.5–2.4(–3.5) mm, 4-angled to only slightly latiseptate, not striped;

valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2–4-rayed, glabrous inside;

ovules 48–82 per ovary;

style cylindrical, stout, 0.5–4 mm, sparsely pubescent;

stigma slightly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide.

spreading, narrowly linear, straight, not torulose, (2–)3.5–12 cm × 1.5–3.5 mm, latiseptate, not striped;

valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2–4-rayed, glabrous inside;

ovules 50–86 per ovary;

style cylindrical, stout, 0.3–1.5(–2) mm, sparsely pubescent;

stigma slightly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide.

Seeds

oblong, 1.5–2.5(–3) × (0.7–)1–1.2(–1.4) mm;

not winged or winged apically.

oblong, 1.5–3 × 1–1.8 mm; winged distally (narrowly so around).

Trichomes

of leaves 2-rayed, sometimes mixed with 3- or 4-rayed ones.

of leaves 2–4(–7)-rayed.

2n

= 36.

= 36.

Erysimum suffrutescens

Erysimum ammophilum

Phenology Flowering Dec–Aug. Flowering Mar–Apr.
Habitat Stabilized coastal sand dunes, coastal scrub vegetation Sand dunes
Elevation 0-150 m (0-500 ft) 0-50 m (0-200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Erysimum suffrutescens is restricted to the coastal regions of Los Angeles County northward into San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, and Ventura counties. Both G. B. Rossbach (1958, 1958b) and R. C. Rollins (1993) treated it as a distinct species, but R. A. Price (1993) transferred it (invalidly) to a subspecies of E. insulare. The latter species has angustiseptate (versus 4-angled to slightly latiseptate) fruits, and the two are sufficiently distinct to be recognized as independent species.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Erysimum ammophilum is restricted to coastal and nearby sand dunes of Monterey and Santa Cruz counties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 544. FNA vol. 7, p. 536.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum
Sibling taxa
E. ammophilum, E. arenicola, E. asperum, E. capitatum, E. cheiranthoides, E. cheiri, E. coarctatum, E. concinnum, E. franciscanum, E. hieraciifolium, E. inconspicuum, E. insulare, E. menziesii, E. occidentale, E. pallasii, E. perenne, E. repandum, E. teretifolium
E. arenicola, E. asperum, E. capitatum, E. cheiranthoides, E. cheiri, E. coarctatum, E. concinnum, E. franciscanum, E. hieraciifolium, E. inconspicuum, E. insulare, E. menziesii, E. occidentale, E. pallasii, E. perenne, E. repandum, E. suffrutescens, E. teretifolium
Synonyms Cheiranthus suffrutescens, E. concinnum subsp. suffrutescens, E. suffrutescens var. grandifolium Cheiranthus ammophilus, Cheirinia ammophila
Name authority (Abrams) Rossbach: Aliso 4: 121. (1958) A. Heller: Muhlenbergia 1: 51. (1904)
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