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bushy wallflower, repand wallflower, spreading wallflower, treacle mustard

Cascade wallflower, sand-dwelling wallflower

Habit Annuals. Perennials; (caudex simple or many-branched).
Stems

erect, unbranched or branched basally, (0.4–)1.5–4.5(–7) dm.

erect, unbranched or branched (several) basally, 0.4–3 dm.

Basal leaves

(often withered by fruiting), similar to cauline.

blade usually oblanceolate, rarely spatulate, 2–8 cm × 3–10 mm, base attenuate, margins entire or dentate, apex acute or obtuse.

Cauline leaves

(proximal and median) petiolate and (distal) sessile, (petiole (0.3–)0.5–2(–3) cm);

blade [linear, narrowly oblanceolate, elliptic, or oblong, (1–)2–8(–11) cm × (2–)5–12(–17) mm, base attenuate], margins sinuate or coarsely dentate to denticulate or repand, (distal) entire or denticulate, (apex acute).

(distal) sessile;

blade margins entire or dentate-sinuate.

Racemes

considerably elongated in fruit.

considerably elongated in fruit.

Flowers

sepals linear-oblong, 4–6 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally;

petals yellow, narrowly oblanceolate to spatulate, 6–8 × 1.5–2 mm, claw 3–6 mm, apex rounded;

median filaments 4–6 mm;

anthers narrowly oblong, 0.8–1.3 mm.

sepals oblong to linear-oblong, 7–10 mm, lateral pair saccate basally;

petals yellow, obovate, 14–27 × 3.5–6 mm, claw 9–13 mm, apex rounded;

median filaments 9–12 mm;

anthers linear, 2–3.5 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

divaricate, stout, as wide as fruit, 2–4(–6) mm.

divaricate-ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, 5–8 mm.

Fruits

widely spreading to divaricate-ascending, narrowly linear, straight or curved upward, somewhat torulose, (2–)3–8(–10) cm × 1.5–2 mm, 4-angled, not striped;

valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2-rayed and, fewer, 3-rayed, often glabrous, sometimes pubescent inside;

ovules (40–)50–80(–90) per ovary;

style cylindrical or subclavate, stout, 1–4 mm, sparsely pubescent;

stigma slightly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide.

erect to ascending, narrowly linear, often straight, sometimes twisted, strongly torulose, 3–10(–12) cm × 1.5–2.7 mm, latiseptate, not striped;

valves with somewhat prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2–4-rayed, glabrous inside;

ovules 24–42 per ovary;

style cylindrical, slender, 1.5–5 mm, sparsely pubescent;

stigma slightly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide.

Seeds

oblong, 1.1–1.5 × 0.6–0.7 mm;

not winged or, rarely, winged distally.

oblong, 2–3.5 × 0.8–1.5 mm;

not winged or winged distally.

Trichomes

of leaves 2-rayed, mixed with fewer 3-rayed ones.

of leaves 2- or 3-rayed.

2n

= 16.

= 36.

Erysimum repandum

Erysimum arenicola

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jun. Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat Disturbed sites, roadsides, fields, waste places, barren hillsides, brush communities, pastures Rock crevices, talus slopes, alpine areas, open ridges, gravelly ground
Elevation 0-2100 m (0-6900 ft) 900-2200 m (3000-7200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OK; OR; PA; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WV; WY; BC; ON; QC; Eurasia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
OR; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Erysimum arenicola is distributed at the higher elevations of northern Oregon northward into the Olympic and Cascade mountains in Washington and Vancouver Island.

Both G. B. Rossbach (1958) and R. C. Rollins (1993) recognized Erysimum arenicola as a distinct species. It is closely related to E. perenne and both can be easily distinguished from E. capitatum, with which they hybridize where their ranges meet, by the strongly torulose (versus not torulose) fruits and the longer styles 1.5–5.5 versus 0.2–2.5(–3) mm.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 544. FNA vol. 7, p. 536.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum
Sibling taxa
E. ammophilum, E. arenicola, E. asperum, E. capitatum, E. cheiranthoides, E. cheiri, E. coarctatum, E. concinnum, E. franciscanum, E. hieraciifolium, E. inconspicuum, E. insulare, E. menziesii, E. occidentale, E. pallasii, E. perenne, E. suffrutescens, E. teretifolium
E. ammophilum, E. asperum, E. capitatum, E. cheiranthoides, E. cheiri, E. coarctatum, E. concinnum, E. franciscanum, E. hieraciifolium, E. inconspicuum, E. insulare, E. menziesii, E. occidentale, E. pallasii, E. perenne, E. repandum, E. suffrutescens, E. teretifolium
Synonyms Cheirinia repanda Cheiranthus arenicola, E. arenicola var. torulosum, E. torulosum
Name authority Linnaeus: Demonstr. Pl., 17. (1753) S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 26: 124. (1891)
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