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pale wallflower, western wallflower

small-flower prairie wallflower

Habit Biennials. Biennials or perennials; (caudex thickened, usually simple, rarely branched).
Stems

erect, often branched distally, 0.5–3(–6.5) dm.

erect, unbranched or branched basally and/or distally, (0.8–)1.5–7(–9.4) dm.

Basal leaves

(often withered by fruiting);

blade linear-oblanceolate, 2–11(–15) cm × (1.5–)2–6 mm, margins usually entire, rarely denticulate.

blade oblanceolate to linear-oblanceolate, 2–7 cm × 2–7 mm, base attenuate, margins entire or denticulate, apex acute.

Cauline leaves

(distal) sessile;

blade margins entire.

sessile;

blade margins entire or denticulate.

Racemes

(simple or branched), considerably elongated in fruit.

(densely flowered), elongated or not in fruit.

Flowers

sepals linear-oblong, 8–13 mm, lateral pair saccate basally;

petals bright or pale yellow, obovate to broadly so, 14–22(–25) × 3–7.5 mm, claw 11–16 mm, apex rounded;

median filaments 10–14 mm;

anthers linear, 3–4 mm.

sepals linear-oblong, 5–8 mm, lateral pair saccate basally;

petals yellow, narrowly obovate to spatulate, (8–)10–15 × (2–)2.5–4 mm, claw 6–9 mm, apex rounded;

median filaments 6–10 mm;

anthers narrowly linear, 1.7–2 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

divaricate-ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, 4–11(–15) mm.

usually ascending, rarely divaricate-ascending, stout, slightly narrower than fruit, (often crowded), 4–7(–10) mm.

Fruits

ascending, narrowly linear, straight, not torulose, 3–12 cm × (2–)2.4–3.7 mm, strongly latiseptate, not striped;

valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2- and 3-rayed, glabrous inside;

ovules 34–46 per ovary;

style cylindrical, slender, (2–)2.5–5 mm, sparsely pubescent;

stigma entire.

suberect to ascending, (subappressed to rachis or not), narrowly linear, straight, not torulose, 2.5–5.8(–6.4) cm × 1.8–2.5 mm, slightly 4-angled, not striped;

valves with somewhat prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2–4-rayed, glabrous inside;

ovules 40–56 per ovary;

style stout, 0.5–1.5 mm, moderately to sparsely pubescent;

stigma strongly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide.

Seeds

ovoid, (2–)2.5–3.5 × 1.3–2.5 mm;

wing continuous distally, (0.3–0.8 mm wide).

ovoid to oblong, 1.5–2 × 1–1.2 mm;

not winged.

Trichomes

of leaves 2- or 3-rayed.

of leaves 2- (or 3-) rayed.

2n

= 36.

= 54.

Erysimum occidentale

Erysimum coarctatum

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jun. Flowering Jul–Aug.
Habitat Sand deposits Calcareous talus and cliffs, meadows, bluffs, spruce forests, roadsides, crevices, ledges
Elevation 50-700 m (200-2300 ft) 200-3000 m (700-9800 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
OR; WA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; AB; NF; NT; QC; YT
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Erysimum occidentale is restricted to sand deposits along or near the Columbia River and its tributaries. It is distributed in Gilliam, Hood River, Morrow, Sherman, and Umatilla counties in Oregon, and in Franklin, Grant, Kittitas, Klickitat, Lincoln, Walla Walla, and Yakima counties in Washington.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Both G. B. Rossbach (1958, 1958b) and R. C. Rollins (1993) treated Erysimum coarctatum as a variety of E. inconspicuum. However, the morphological and cytological (G. A. Mulligan 2002) differences clearly support its maintenance as a distinct species. The vast majority of the collections from Yukon belong to E. coarctatum, and the species is reported herein from Alberta [Banff, Clark s.n., July-August (GH)] for the first time. The records from Alaska are based on Scamman 5062 (GH) from Eklutna Lake and Wiggins 12886 (GH) from Umiat on Colville River.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 543. FNA vol. 7, p. 539.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum
Sibling taxa
E. ammophilum, E. arenicola, E. asperum, E. capitatum, E. cheiranthoides, E. cheiri, E. coarctatum, E. concinnum, E. franciscanum, E. hieraciifolium, E. inconspicuum, E. insulare, E. menziesii, E. pallasii, E. perenne, E. repandum, E. suffrutescens, E. teretifolium
E. ammophilum, E. arenicola, E. asperum, E. capitatum, E. cheiranthoides, E. cheiri, E. concinnum, E. franciscanum, E. hieraciifolium, E. inconspicuum, E. insulare, E. menziesii, E. occidentale, E. pallasii, E. perenne, E. repandum, E. suffrutescens, E. teretifolium
Synonyms Cheiranthus occidentalis, Cheirinia occidentalis E. inconspicuum var. coarctatum
Name authority (S. Watson) B. L. Robinson: in A. Gray et al., Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(1,1): 144. (1895) Fernald: Rhodora 29: 141. (1927)
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