Erysimum menziesii |
Erysimum repandum |
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Menzies' wallflower |
bushy wallflower, repand wallflower, spreading wallflower, treacle mustard |
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Habit | Biennials or perennials; (short-lived). | Annuals. |
Stems | erect, unbranched or branched distally, 0.2–2.5(–3.5) dm. |
erect, unbranched or branched basally, (0.4–)1.5–4.5(–7) dm. |
Basal leaves | blade (fleshy or not), spatulate, 2–10 cm × 5–15 mm, base cuneate, margins dentate, entire, or lobed, apex obtuse. |
(often withered by fruiting), similar to cauline. |
Cauline leaves | (distal) sessile or short-petiolate; blade margins entire or dentate. |
(proximal and median) petiolate and (distal) sessile, (petiole (0.3–)0.5–2(–3) cm); blade [linear, narrowly oblanceolate, elliptic, or oblong, (1–)2–8(–11) cm × (2–)5–12(–17) mm, base attenuate], margins sinuate or coarsely dentate to denticulate or repand, (distal) entire or denticulate, (apex acute). |
Racemes | elongated slightly in fruit. |
considerably elongated in fruit. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 7–14 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals yellow, usually suborbicular, rarely obovate, 15–30 × 6–14 mm, claw 10–15 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 10–13 mm; anthers linear, 3–4 mm. |
sepals linear-oblong, 4–6 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals yellow, narrowly oblanceolate to spatulate, 6–8 × 1.5–2 mm, claw 3–6 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 4–6 mm; anthers narrowly oblong, 0.8–1.3 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | horizontal to divaricate, slender, narrower than fruit, 4–15 mm. |
divaricate, stout, as wide as fruit, 2–4(–6) mm. |
Fruits | widely spreading or divaricate, linear, straight, not torulose, 3–14 cm × 2–4 mm, terete when green, becoming latiseptate when dry, not striped; valves with obscure midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes (2 or) 3 or 4 (or 6)-rayed, glabrous inside; ovules 32–74 per ovary; style cylindrical, slender, 0.3–2 mm, sparsely pubescent; stigma 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. |
widely spreading to divaricate-ascending, narrowly linear, straight or curved upward, somewhat torulose, (2–)3–8(–10) cm × 1.5–2 mm, 4-angled, not striped; valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2-rayed and, fewer, 3-rayed, often glabrous, sometimes pubescent inside; ovules (40–)50–80(–90) per ovary; style cylindrical or subclavate, stout, 1–4 mm, sparsely pubescent; stigma slightly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. |
Seeds | oblong (compressed), 1.8–2.8(–3.5) × 1–2 mm; winged distally (wing narrow all around). |
oblong, 1.1–1.5 × 0.6–0.7 mm; not winged or, rarely, winged distally. |
Trichomes | of leaves 2–5(–7)-rayed on adaxial leaf surface. |
of leaves 2-rayed, mixed with fewer 3-rayed ones. |
2n | = 36. |
= 16. |
Erysimum menziesii |
Erysimum repandum |
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Phenology | Flowering Jan–Aug. | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Stabilized coastal sand dunes | Disturbed sites, roadsides, fields, waste places, barren hillsides, brush communities, pastures |
Elevation | 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) | 0-2100 m (0-6900 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
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AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OK; OR; PA; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WV; WY; BC; ON; QC; Eurasia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, Australia]
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Discussion | Of conservation concern. Erysimum menziesii is restricted to the coasts of Humboldt, Mendocino, and Monterey counties. R. A. Price (1993) divided the species into four subspecies, three of which were invalidly published. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 542. | FNA vol. 7, p. 544. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Hesperis menziesii, Cheiranthus grandiflorus | Cheirinia repanda |
Name authority | (Hooker) Wettstein: Oesterr. Bot. Z. 39: 283. (1889) | Linnaeus: Demonstr. Pl., 17. (1753) |
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