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Menzies' wallflower

bushy wallflower, repand wallflower, spreading wallflower, treacle mustard

Habit Biennials or perennials; (short-lived). Annuals.
Stems

erect, unbranched or branched distally, 0.2–2.5(–3.5) dm.

erect, unbranched or branched basally, (0.4–)1.5–4.5(–7) dm.

Basal leaves

blade (fleshy or not), spatulate, 2–10 cm × 5–15 mm, base cuneate, margins dentate, entire, or lobed, apex obtuse.

(often withered by fruiting), similar to cauline.

Cauline leaves

(distal) sessile or short-petiolate;

blade margins entire or dentate.

(proximal and median) petiolate and (distal) sessile, (petiole (0.3–)0.5–2(–3) cm);

blade [linear, narrowly oblanceolate, elliptic, or oblong, (1–)2–8(–11) cm × (2–)5–12(–17) mm, base attenuate], margins sinuate or coarsely dentate to denticulate or repand, (distal) entire or denticulate, (apex acute).

Racemes

elongated slightly in fruit.

considerably elongated in fruit.

Flowers

sepals oblong, 7–14 mm, lateral pair saccate basally;

petals yellow, usually suborbicular, rarely obovate, 15–30 × 6–14 mm, claw 10–15 mm, apex rounded;

median filaments 10–13 mm;

anthers linear, 3–4 mm.

sepals linear-oblong, 4–6 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally;

petals yellow, narrowly oblanceolate to spatulate, 6–8 × 1.5–2 mm, claw 3–6 mm, apex rounded;

median filaments 4–6 mm;

anthers narrowly oblong, 0.8–1.3 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

horizontal to divaricate, slender, narrower than fruit, 4–15 mm.

divaricate, stout, as wide as fruit, 2–4(–6) mm.

Fruits

widely spreading or divaricate, linear, straight, not torulose, 3–14 cm × 2–4 mm, terete when green, becoming latiseptate when dry, not striped;

valves with obscure midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes (2 or) 3 or 4 (or 6)-rayed, glabrous inside;

ovules 32–74 per ovary;

style cylindrical, slender, 0.3–2 mm, sparsely pubescent;

stigma 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide.

widely spreading to divaricate-ascending, narrowly linear, straight or curved upward, somewhat torulose, (2–)3–8(–10) cm × 1.5–2 mm, 4-angled, not striped;

valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2-rayed and, fewer, 3-rayed, often glabrous, sometimes pubescent inside;

ovules (40–)50–80(–90) per ovary;

style cylindrical or subclavate, stout, 1–4 mm, sparsely pubescent;

stigma slightly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide.

Seeds

oblong (compressed), 1.8–2.8(–3.5) × 1–2 mm; winged distally (wing narrow all around).

oblong, 1.1–1.5 × 0.6–0.7 mm;

not winged or, rarely, winged distally.

Trichomes

of leaves 2–5(–7)-rayed on adaxial leaf surface.

of leaves 2-rayed, mixed with fewer 3-rayed ones.

2n

= 36.

= 16.

Erysimum menziesii

Erysimum repandum

Phenology Flowering Jan–Aug. Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat Stabilized coastal sand dunes Disturbed sites, roadsides, fields, waste places, barren hillsides, brush communities, pastures
Elevation 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) 0-2100 m (0-6900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OK; OR; PA; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WV; WY; BC; ON; QC; Eurasia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Of conservation concern.

Erysimum menziesii is restricted to the coasts of Humboldt, Mendocino, and Monterey counties. R. A. Price (1993) divided the species into four subspecies, three of which were invalidly published.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 542. FNA vol. 7, p. 544.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum
Sibling taxa
E. ammophilum, E. arenicola, E. asperum, E. capitatum, E. cheiranthoides, E. cheiri, E. coarctatum, E. concinnum, E. franciscanum, E. hieraciifolium, E. inconspicuum, E. insulare, E. occidentale, E. pallasii, E. perenne, E. repandum, E. suffrutescens, E. teretifolium
E. ammophilum, E. arenicola, E. asperum, E. capitatum, E. cheiranthoides, E. cheiri, E. coarctatum, E. concinnum, E. franciscanum, E. hieraciifolium, E. inconspicuum, E. insulare, E. menziesii, E. occidentale, E. pallasii, E. perenne, E. suffrutescens, E. teretifolium
Synonyms Hesperis menziesii, Cheiranthus grandiflorus Cheirinia repanda
Name authority (Hooker) Wettstein: Oesterr. Bot. Z. 39: 283. (1889) Linnaeus: Demonstr. Pl., 17. (1753)
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