Erysimum menziesii |
Erysimum franciscanum |
|
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Menzies' wallflower |
Franciscan wallflower, San Francisco wallflower |
|
Habit | Biennials or perennials; (short-lived). | Perennials or subshrubs. |
Stems | erect, unbranched or branched distally, 0.2–2.5(–3.5) dm. |
erect, often branched distally, (woody at base), 0.6–5(–6) dm. |
Basal leaves | blade (fleshy or not), spatulate, 2–10 cm × 5–15 mm, base cuneate, margins dentate, entire, or lobed, apex obtuse. |
(often withered in suffrutescent plants); blade oblanceolate to oblanceolate-linear, 2.5–17 cm × (2–)3–16(–20) mm, base attenuate, margins sinuate-dentate or dentate, apex acute. |
Cauline leaves | (distal) sessile or short-petiolate; blade margins entire or dentate. |
(distal) petiolate; blade margins usually dentate, rarely denticulate. |
Racemes | elongated slightly in fruit. |
considerably elongated in fruit. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 7–14 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals yellow, usually suborbicular, rarely obovate, 15–30 × 6–14 mm, claw 10–15 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 10–13 mm; anthers linear, 3–4 mm. |
sepals oblong to linear-oblong, 8–12(–15) mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals yellow to cream, obovate to suborbicular, 14–29 × 5–12(–15) mm, claw 9–17 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 9–15 mm; anthers linear, 2.5–4 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | horizontal to divaricate, slender, narrower than fruit, 4–15 mm. |
divaricate to ascending, stout, narrower than fruit, 5–17(–22) mm. |
Fruits | widely spreading or divaricate, linear, straight, not torulose, 3–14 cm × 2–4 mm, terete when green, becoming latiseptate when dry, not striped; valves with obscure midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes (2 or) 3 or 4 (or 6)-rayed, glabrous inside; ovules 32–74 per ovary; style cylindrical, slender, 0.3–2 mm, sparsely pubescent; stigma 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. |
usually ascending, rarely spreading, narrowly linear, straight or curved upward, not or, rarely, slightly torulose, (3.8–)4–11(–14) cm × 2–4 mm, latiseptate, not striped; valves with somewhat prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes (2 or) 3 (or 4)-rayed, glabrous inside; ovules 32–64 per ovary; style cylindrical, slender, 0.5–3.5 mm, sparsely pubescent; stigma 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. |
Seeds | oblong (compressed), 1.8–2.8(–3.5) × 1–2 mm; winged distally (wing narrow all around). |
oblong, 2–3.5(–4) × 1.2–2.2(–2.5) mm; wing distal, present on 1 or both margins. |
Trichomes | of leaves 2–5(–7)-rayed on adaxial leaf surface. |
of leaves 2-rayed mixed with 3(–5)-rayed ones. |
2n | = 36. |
= 36. |
Erysimum menziesii |
Erysimum franciscanum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jan–Aug. | Flowering Jan–Apr. |
Habitat | Stabilized coastal sand dunes | Serpentine outcrops, coastal scrub or sand dunes, granitic hillsides |
Elevation | 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) | 0-500 m (0-1600 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
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CA
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Discussion | Of conservation concern. Erysimum menziesii is restricted to the coasts of Humboldt, Mendocino, and Monterey counties. R. A. Price (1993) divided the species into four subspecies, three of which were invalidly published. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erysimum franciscanum is known from Marin, San Francisco, San Mateo, and Santa Cruz counties. Historical records indicate that it grew previously in Sonoma County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 542. | FNA vol. 7, p. 540. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Hesperis menziesii, Cheiranthus grandiflorus | E. franciscanum var. crassifolium |
Name authority | (Hooker) Wettstein: Oesterr. Bot. Z. 39: 283. (1889) | Rossbach: Aliso 4: 118. (1958) |
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