Erysimum menziesii |
Erysimum cheiranthoides |
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Menzies' wallflower |
treacle mustard, treacle wallflower, worm-seed mustard, wormseed wallflower |
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Habit | Biennials or perennials; (short-lived). | Annuals. |
Stems | erect, unbranched or branched distally, 0.2–2.5(–3.5) dm. |
erect, often branched distally, (ribbed), (0.7–)1.5–10(–15) dm. |
Basal leaves | blade (fleshy or not), spatulate, 2–10 cm × 5–15 mm, base cuneate, margins dentate, entire, or lobed, apex obtuse. |
(withered by fruiting), similar to cauline. |
Cauline leaves | (distal) sessile or short-petiolate; blade margins entire or dentate. |
(median and distal) shortly petiolate or sessile; blade (lanceolate, linear, or elliptic-oblong, (1–)2–7(–11) cm × (2–)5–12(–23) mm, base cuneate) margins usually subentire or denticulate, rarely sinuate-dentate, (apex acute or obtuse). |
Racemes | elongated slightly in fruit. |
considerably elongated in fruit. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 7–14 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals yellow, usually suborbicular, rarely obovate, 15–30 × 6–14 mm, claw 10–15 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 10–13 mm; anthers linear, 3–4 mm. |
sepals oblong, 1.8–3.2 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals yellow, narrowly spatulate, 3–5.5 × 1.5–2 mm, claw 1.5–3.5 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 2–3.5 mm; anthers oblong, 0.5–0.7 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | horizontal to divaricate, slender, narrower than fruit, 4–15 mm. |
divaricate or ascending, slender, much narrower than fruit, 5–13(–16) mm. |
Fruits | widely spreading or divaricate, linear, straight, not torulose, 3–14 cm × 2–4 mm, terete when green, becoming latiseptate when dry, not striped; valves with obscure midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes (2 or) 3 or 4 (or 6)-rayed, glabrous inside; ovules 32–74 per ovary; style cylindrical, slender, 0.3–2 mm, sparsely pubescent; stigma 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. |
suberect or divaricate-ascending, linear, straight, somewhat torulose, (1–)1.5–2.5(–4) cm × 1–1.3 mm, 4-angled, not striped; valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 3–5-rayed, densely pubescent inside; ovules (20–)30–55 per ovary; style cylindrical, slender, 0.5–1.5 mm; stigma entire or slightly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. |
Seeds | oblong (compressed), 1.8–2.8(–3.5) × 1–2 mm; winged distally (wing narrow all around). |
oblong, 1–1.5 × 0.4–0.6 mm; not winged. |
Trichomes | of leaves 2–5(–7)-rayed on adaxial leaf surface. |
of leaves primarily 3- or 4-rayed, sometimes mixed with 5-rayed ones, 2-rayed trichomes primarily on stem and pedicels. |
2n | = 36. |
= 16. |
Erysimum menziesii |
Erysimum cheiranthoides |
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Phenology | Flowering Jan–Aug. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Stabilized coastal sand dunes | Dry stream beds, moist areas, waste ground, fields, pastures, disturbed ground |
Elevation | 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) | 0-3000 m (0-9800 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
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AK; AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; FL; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Europe; Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Of conservation concern. Erysimum menziesii is restricted to the coasts of Humboldt, Mendocino, and Monterey counties. R. A. Price (1993) divided the species into four subspecies, three of which were invalidly published. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 542. | FNA vol. 7, p. 539. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Hesperis menziesii, Cheiranthus grandiflorus | Cheiranthus cheiranthoides, Cheirinia cheiranthoides |
Name authority | (Hooker) Wettstein: Oesterr. Bot. Z. 39: 283. (1889) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 661. (1753) |
Web links |
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