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Franciscan wallflower, San Francisco wallflower

Santa Cruz wallflower

Habit Perennials or subshrubs. Biennials or perennials; (short-lived, caudex often woody).
Stems

erect, often branched distally, (woody at base), 0.6–5(–6) dm.

erect, unbranched, (1.4–)2.5–8(–10) dm.

Basal leaves

(often withered in suffrutescent plants);

blade oblanceolate to oblanceolate-linear, 2.5–17 cm × (2–)3–16(–20) mm, base attenuate, margins sinuate-dentate or dentate, apex acute.

blade filiform to narrowly linear, 5–17 cm × 0.4–3 mm, (somewhat revolute, appearing terete), base attenuate, margins denticulate, apex subacuminate.

Cauline leaves

(distal) petiolate;

blade margins usually dentate, rarely denticulate.

sessile;

blade margins entire or remotely denticulate.

Racemes

considerably elongated in fruit.

considerably elongated in fruit.

Flowers

sepals oblong to linear-oblong, 8–12(–15) mm, lateral pair saccate basally;

petals yellow to cream, obovate to suborbicular, 14–29 × 5–12(–15) mm, claw 9–17 mm, apex rounded;

median filaments 9–15 mm;

anthers linear, 2.5–4 mm.

sepals oblong to linear-oblong, 7–11 mm, lateral pair saccate basally;

petals orange-yellow to yellow, broadly obovate to suborbicular, 15–20(–25) × 5–10 mm, claw 6–13 mm, apex rounded;

median filaments 7–14 mm;

anthers linear, 2.3–3.5 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

divaricate to ascending, stout, narrower than fruit, 5–17(–22) mm.

divaricate to ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, 5–14 mm.

Fruits

usually ascending, rarely spreading, narrowly linear, straight or curved upward, not or, rarely, slightly torulose, (3.8–)4–11(–14) cm × 2–4 mm, latiseptate, not striped;

valves with somewhat prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes (2 or) 3 (or 4)-rayed, glabrous inside;

ovules 32–64 per ovary;

style cylindrical, slender, 0.5–3.5 mm, sparsely pubescent;

stigma 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide.

widely spreading to ascending, narrowly linear, curved or slightly twisted, somewhat torulose, (4–)7–12(–15) cm × 1.2–2.2(–2.5) mm, slightly latiseptate, not striped;

valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2 and 3 (or 4)-rayed, glabrous inside;

ovules 40–72 per ovary;

style cylindrical, slender, 0.5–2(–2.5) mm, sparsely pubescent;

stigma subentire to slightly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide.

Seeds

oblong, 2–3.5(–4) × 1.2–2.2(–2.5) mm;

wing distal, present on 1 or both margins.

ovoid, 1.5–2.3(–2.7) × 0.9–1.5 mm;

wing appendage-like, distal.

Trichomes

of leaves 2-rayed mixed with 3(–5)-rayed ones.

of leaves 2-rayed, mixed with 3-rayed ones.

2n

= 36.

= 36.

Erysimum franciscanum

Erysimum teretifolium

Phenology Flowering Jan–Apr. Flowering Feb–May.
Habitat Serpentine outcrops, coastal scrub or sand dunes, granitic hillsides Sandy areas bordering sage scrub or chaparral, sand deposits derived from sandstone
Elevation 0-500 m (0-1600 ft) 100-400 m (300-1300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Erysimum franciscanum is known from Marin, San Francisco, San Mateo, and Santa Cruz counties. Historical records indicate that it grew previously in Sonoma County.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Erysimum teretifolium is a highly endangered species known only from Santa Cruz County.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 540. FNA vol. 7, p. 545.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum
Sibling taxa
E. ammophilum, E. arenicola, E. asperum, E. capitatum, E. cheiranthoides, E. cheiri, E. coarctatum, E. concinnum, E. hieraciifolium, E. inconspicuum, E. insulare, E. menziesii, E. occidentale, E. pallasii, E. perenne, E. repandum, E. suffrutescens, E. teretifolium
E. ammophilum, E. arenicola, E. asperum, E. capitatum, E. cheiranthoides, E. cheiri, E. coarctatum, E. concinnum, E. franciscanum, E. hieraciifolium, E. inconspicuum, E. insulare, E. menziesii, E. occidentale, E. pallasii, E. perenne, E. repandum, E. suffrutescens
Synonyms E. franciscanum var. crassifolium E. filifolium
Name authority Rossbach: Aliso 4: 118. (1958) Eastwood: Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 144. (1938)
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