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Franciscan wallflower, San Francisco wallflower

island wallflower

Habit Perennials or subshrubs. Perennials or subshrubs.
Stems

erect, often branched distally, (woody at base), 0.6–5(–6) dm.

ascending to sprawling, proximal branches terminating in sterile rosettes, (woody at base), 0.5–3 dm.

Basal leaves

(often withered in suffrutescent plants);

blade oblanceolate to oblanceolate-linear, 2.5–17 cm × (2–)3–16(–20) mm, base attenuate, margins sinuate-dentate or dentate, apex acute.

blade linear to linear-oblanceolate, (2–)3.7–9 cm × 2–5(–10) mm, base attenuate, margins usually entire, rarely sparsely denticulate, apex acute.

Cauline leaves

(distal) petiolate;

blade margins usually dentate, rarely denticulate.

(distal) sessile;

similar to basal.

Racemes

considerably elongated in fruit.

considerably elongated in fruit.

Flowers

sepals oblong to linear-oblong, 8–12(–15) mm, lateral pair saccate basally;

petals yellow to cream, obovate to suborbicular, 14–29 × 5–12(–15) mm, claw 9–17 mm, apex rounded;

median filaments 9–15 mm;

anthers linear, 2.5–4 mm.

sepals oblong to linear-oblong, 6–10 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally;

petals yellow, broadly obovate to suborbicular, (11–)14–20(–22) × (3–)4–11.5 mm, claw 7–10 mm, apex rounded;

median filaments 7–10 mm;

anthers linear, 2–3 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

divaricate to ascending, stout, narrower than fruit, 5–17(–22) mm.

widely spreading, slender, narrower than fruit, (8–)10–22 mm.

Fruits

usually ascending, rarely spreading, narrowly linear, straight or curved upward, not or, rarely, slightly torulose, (3.8–)4–11(–14) cm × 2–4 mm, latiseptate, not striped;

valves with somewhat prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes (2 or) 3 (or 4)-rayed, glabrous inside;

ovules 32–64 per ovary;

style cylindrical, slender, 0.5–3.5 mm, sparsely pubescent;

stigma 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide.

ascending to spreading, narrowly linear, straight or only slightly curved inward, not torulose, 2–5(–7) cm × 2–3 mm, angustiseptate, not striped;

valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2–4-rayed, glabrous inside;

ovules 36–50 per ovary;

style cylindrical or slightly flattened, stout, 1–4 mm, sparsely pubescent;

stigma slightly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide.

Seeds

oblong, 2–3.5(–4) × 1.2–2.2(–2.5) mm;

wing distal, present on 1 or both margins.

oblong, 1–2 × 1.2–2 mm;

not winged.

Trichomes

of leaves 2-rayed mixed with 3(–5)-rayed ones.

Tri

-chomes of leaves primarily 2-rayed, sometimes mixed with 3-rayed ones.

2n

= 36.

= 36.

Erysimum franciscanum

Erysimum insulare

Phenology Flowering Jan–Apr. Flowering Mar–May.
Habitat Serpentine outcrops, coastal scrub or sand dunes, granitic hillsides Sandy areas along coastal bluffs, coastal scrub
Elevation 0-500 m (0-1600 ft) 0-300 m (0-1000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Erysimum franciscanum is known from Marin, San Francisco, San Mateo, and Santa Cruz counties. Historical records indicate that it grew previously in Sonoma County.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Erysimum insulare is restricted to the northern Channel Islands (San Miguel and Santa Rosa islands) of western Ventura County.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 540. FNA vol. 7, p. 542.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum
Sibling taxa
E. ammophilum, E. arenicola, E. asperum, E. capitatum, E. cheiranthoides, E. cheiri, E. coarctatum, E. concinnum, E. hieraciifolium, E. inconspicuum, E. insulare, E. menziesii, E. occidentale, E. pallasii, E. perenne, E. repandum, E. suffrutescens, E. teretifolium
E. ammophilum, E. arenicola, E. asperum, E. capitatum, E. cheiranthoides, E. cheiri, E. coarctatum, E. concinnum, E. franciscanum, E. hieraciifolium, E. inconspicuum, E. menziesii, E. occidentale, E. pallasii, E. perenne, E. repandum, E. suffrutescens, E. teretifolium
Synonyms E. franciscanum var. crassifolium Cheiranthus insulare
Name authority Rossbach: Aliso 4: 118. (1958) Greene: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 13: 218. (1886)
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