Erysimum franciscanum |
Erysimum coarctatum |
|
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Franciscan wallflower, San Francisco wallflower |
small-flower prairie wallflower |
|
Habit | Perennials or subshrubs. | Biennials or perennials; (caudex thickened, usually simple, rarely branched). |
Stems | erect, often branched distally, (woody at base), 0.6–5(–6) dm. |
erect, unbranched or branched basally and/or distally, (0.8–)1.5–7(–9.4) dm. |
Basal leaves | (often withered in suffrutescent plants); blade oblanceolate to oblanceolate-linear, 2.5–17 cm × (2–)3–16(–20) mm, base attenuate, margins sinuate-dentate or dentate, apex acute. |
blade oblanceolate to linear-oblanceolate, 2–7 cm × 2–7 mm, base attenuate, margins entire or denticulate, apex acute. |
Cauline leaves | (distal) petiolate; blade margins usually dentate, rarely denticulate. |
sessile; blade margins entire or denticulate. |
Racemes | considerably elongated in fruit. |
(densely flowered), elongated or not in fruit. |
Flowers | sepals oblong to linear-oblong, 8–12(–15) mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals yellow to cream, obovate to suborbicular, 14–29 × 5–12(–15) mm, claw 9–17 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 9–15 mm; anthers linear, 2.5–4 mm. |
sepals linear-oblong, 5–8 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals yellow, narrowly obovate to spatulate, (8–)10–15 × (2–)2.5–4 mm, claw 6–9 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 6–10 mm; anthers narrowly linear, 1.7–2 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate to ascending, stout, narrower than fruit, 5–17(–22) mm. |
usually ascending, rarely divaricate-ascending, stout, slightly narrower than fruit, (often crowded), 4–7(–10) mm. |
Fruits | usually ascending, rarely spreading, narrowly linear, straight or curved upward, not or, rarely, slightly torulose, (3.8–)4–11(–14) cm × 2–4 mm, latiseptate, not striped; valves with somewhat prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes (2 or) 3 (or 4)-rayed, glabrous inside; ovules 32–64 per ovary; style cylindrical, slender, 0.5–3.5 mm, sparsely pubescent; stigma 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. |
suberect to ascending, (subappressed to rachis or not), narrowly linear, straight, not torulose, 2.5–5.8(–6.4) cm × 1.8–2.5 mm, slightly 4-angled, not striped; valves with somewhat prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2–4-rayed, glabrous inside; ovules 40–56 per ovary; style stout, 0.5–1.5 mm, moderately to sparsely pubescent; stigma strongly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. |
Seeds | oblong, 2–3.5(–4) × 1.2–2.2(–2.5) mm; wing distal, present on 1 or both margins. |
ovoid to oblong, 1.5–2 × 1–1.2 mm; not winged. |
Trichomes | of leaves 2-rayed mixed with 3(–5)-rayed ones. |
of leaves 2- (or 3-) rayed. |
2n | = 36. |
= 54. |
Erysimum franciscanum |
Erysimum coarctatum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jan–Apr. | Flowering Jul–Aug. |
Habitat | Serpentine outcrops, coastal scrub or sand dunes, granitic hillsides | Calcareous talus and cliffs, meadows, bluffs, spruce forests, roadsides, crevices, ledges |
Elevation | 0-500 m (0-1600 ft) | 200-3000 m (700-9800 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
|
AK; AB; NF; NT; QC; YT |
Discussion | Erysimum franciscanum is known from Marin, San Francisco, San Mateo, and Santa Cruz counties. Historical records indicate that it grew previously in Sonoma County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Both G. B. Rossbach (1958, 1958b) and R. C. Rollins (1993) treated Erysimum coarctatum as a variety of E. inconspicuum. However, the morphological and cytological (G. A. Mulligan 2002) differences clearly support its maintenance as a distinct species. The vast majority of the collections from Yukon belong to E. coarctatum, and the species is reported herein from Alberta [Banff, Clark s.n., July-August (GH)] for the first time. The records from Alaska are based on Scamman 5062 (GH) from Eklutna Lake and Wiggins 12886 (GH) from Umiat on Colville River. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 540. | FNA vol. 7, p. 539. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | E. franciscanum var. crassifolium | E. inconspicuum var. coarctatum |
Name authority | Rossbach: Aliso 4: 118. (1958) | Fernald: Rhodora 29: 141. (1927) |
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