Erysimum franciscanum |
Erysimum cheiranthoides |
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Franciscan wallflower, San Francisco wallflower |
treacle mustard, treacle wallflower, worm-seed mustard, wormseed wallflower |
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Habit | Perennials or subshrubs. | Annuals. |
Stems | erect, often branched distally, (woody at base), 0.6–5(–6) dm. |
erect, often branched distally, (ribbed), (0.7–)1.5–10(–15) dm. |
Basal leaves | (often withered in suffrutescent plants); blade oblanceolate to oblanceolate-linear, 2.5–17 cm × (2–)3–16(–20) mm, base attenuate, margins sinuate-dentate or dentate, apex acute. |
(withered by fruiting), similar to cauline. |
Cauline leaves | (distal) petiolate; blade margins usually dentate, rarely denticulate. |
(median and distal) shortly petiolate or sessile; blade (lanceolate, linear, or elliptic-oblong, (1–)2–7(–11) cm × (2–)5–12(–23) mm, base cuneate) margins usually subentire or denticulate, rarely sinuate-dentate, (apex acute or obtuse). |
Racemes | considerably elongated in fruit. |
considerably elongated in fruit. |
Flowers | sepals oblong to linear-oblong, 8–12(–15) mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals yellow to cream, obovate to suborbicular, 14–29 × 5–12(–15) mm, claw 9–17 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 9–15 mm; anthers linear, 2.5–4 mm. |
sepals oblong, 1.8–3.2 mm, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals yellow, narrowly spatulate, 3–5.5 × 1.5–2 mm, claw 1.5–3.5 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 2–3.5 mm; anthers oblong, 0.5–0.7 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate to ascending, stout, narrower than fruit, 5–17(–22) mm. |
divaricate or ascending, slender, much narrower than fruit, 5–13(–16) mm. |
Fruits | usually ascending, rarely spreading, narrowly linear, straight or curved upward, not or, rarely, slightly torulose, (3.8–)4–11(–14) cm × 2–4 mm, latiseptate, not striped; valves with somewhat prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes (2 or) 3 (or 4)-rayed, glabrous inside; ovules 32–64 per ovary; style cylindrical, slender, 0.5–3.5 mm, sparsely pubescent; stigma 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. |
suberect or divaricate-ascending, linear, straight, somewhat torulose, (1–)1.5–2.5(–4) cm × 1–1.3 mm, 4-angled, not striped; valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 3–5-rayed, densely pubescent inside; ovules (20–)30–55 per ovary; style cylindrical, slender, 0.5–1.5 mm; stigma entire or slightly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. |
Seeds | oblong, 2–3.5(–4) × 1.2–2.2(–2.5) mm; wing distal, present on 1 or both margins. |
oblong, 1–1.5 × 0.4–0.6 mm; not winged. |
Trichomes | of leaves 2-rayed mixed with 3(–5)-rayed ones. |
of leaves primarily 3- or 4-rayed, sometimes mixed with 5-rayed ones, 2-rayed trichomes primarily on stem and pedicels. |
2n | = 36. |
= 16. |
Erysimum franciscanum |
Erysimum cheiranthoides |
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Phenology | Flowering Jan–Apr. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Serpentine outcrops, coastal scrub or sand dunes, granitic hillsides | Dry stream beds, moist areas, waste ground, fields, pastures, disturbed ground |
Elevation | 0-500 m (0-1600 ft) | 0-3000 m (0-9800 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
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AK; AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; FL; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Europe; Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Erysimum franciscanum is known from Marin, San Francisco, San Mateo, and Santa Cruz counties. Historical records indicate that it grew previously in Sonoma County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 540. | FNA vol. 7, p. 539. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | E. franciscanum var. crassifolium | Cheiranthus cheiranthoides, Cheirinia cheiranthoides |
Name authority | Rossbach: Aliso 4: 118. (1958) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 661. (1753) |
Web links |
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