Erysimum cheiri |
Erysimum suffrutescens |
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Aegean wallflower, common wallflower, European wallflower, wallflower |
island wallflower, suffrutescent wallflower |
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Habit | Biennials or subshrubs. | Perennials or subshrubs. |
Stems | erect, unbranched or branched distally, (woody at base when subshrubs), 1.5–8 dm. |
ascending, proximal branches terminating in sterile rosettes, (woody at base), 1.5–8.1 dm. |
Basal leaves | (rosulate when biennial, often withered by fruiting), similar to cauline. |
blade linear to linear-oblanceolate, 3.7–15 cm × 1.5–6(–7) mm, base attenuate, margins usually entire, rarely sparsely denticulate, apex acute. |
Cauline leaves | petiolate; blade (obovate to oblanceolate, 4–22 cm × 3–12 mm, base cuneate to attenuate), margins entire to repand. |
(distal) sessile; blade similar to basal. |
Racemes | considerably elongated in fruit. |
considerably elongated in fruit. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 6–10 mm, lateral pair not or slightly saccate basally; petals orange, yellow, brown, red, purple, violet, or white, broadly obovate to suborbicular, 20–35x 5–10 mm, claw 7–12 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 7–9 mm; anthers linear, 2.5–3.5 mm. |
sepals oblong to linear-oblong, 6–11 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals yellow, obovate to suborbicular, (11–)14–20(–22) × (3–)4–11.5 mm, claw 8–13 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 7–11 mm; anthers linear, 2.5–4 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate-ascending to ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, 7–13 mm. |
ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, (3–)5–10 mm. |
Fruits | ascending, narrowly linear, straight, not torulose, 3–10 cm × 2–7 mm, latiseptate to terete, not striped; valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2-rayed, glabrous inside; ovules 32–44 per ovary; style cylindrical or subconical, slender, 0.5–4 mm, pubescent; stigma strongly 2-lobed, lobes much longer than wide. |
ascending to spreading, narrowly linear, straight or only slightly curved inward, not torulose, (2–)3–8.4(–11) cm × 1.5–2.4(–3.5) mm, 4-angled to only slightly latiseptate, not striped; valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2–4-rayed, glabrous inside; ovules 48–82 per ovary; style cylindrical, stout, 0.5–4 mm, sparsely pubescent; stigma slightly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. |
Seeds | ovate, 2–4 × 1.5–3 mm; wing continuous or distal. |
oblong, 1.5–2.5(–3) × (0.7–)1–1.2(–1.4) mm; not winged or winged apically. |
Tri | -chomes of leaves 2-rayed, rarely mixed with fewer 3-rayed ones apically. |
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Trichomes | of leaves 2-rayed, sometimes mixed with 3- or 4-rayed ones. |
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2n | = 12. |
= 36. |
Erysimum cheiri |
Erysimum suffrutescens |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | Flowering Dec–Aug. |
Habitat | Disturbed sites, lawns, abandoned gardens | Stabilized coastal sand dunes, coastal scrub vegetation |
Elevation | 0-1500 m (0-4900 ft) | 0-150 m (0-500 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; BC; QC; YT; Europe [Introduced in North America]
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CA
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Discussion | Erysimum cheiri is a widely cultivated ornamental of European origin. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erysimum suffrutescens is restricted to the coastal regions of Los Angeles County northward into San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, and Ventura counties. Both G. B. Rossbach (1958, 1958b) and R. C. Rollins (1993) treated it as a distinct species, but R. A. Price (1993) transferred it (invalidly) to a subspecies of E. insulare. The latter species has angustiseptate (versus 4-angled to slightly latiseptate) fruits, and the two are sufficiently distinct to be recognized as independent species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 539. | FNA vol. 7, p. 544. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cheiranthus cheiri | Cheiranthus suffrutescens, E. concinnum subsp. suffrutescens, E. suffrutescens var. grandifolium |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Crantz: Cl. Crucif. Emend., 116. (1769) | (Abrams) Rossbach: Aliso 4: 121. (1958) |
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