Erysimum cheiri |
Erysimum pallasii |
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Aegean wallflower, common wallflower, European wallflower, wallflower |
Pallas' wallflower |
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Habit | Biennials or subshrubs. | Perennials; (caudex simple or branched, covered with persistent leaf bases). |
Stems | erect, unbranched or branched distally, (woody at base when subshrubs), 1.5–8 dm. |
erect, unbranched, (0.1–)0.4–4dm. |
Basal leaves | (rosulate when biennial, often withered by fruiting), similar to cauline. |
blade linear to narrowly linear-oblanceolate, 3–5 cm × 1–2 mm, base attenuate, margins entire or denticulate. |
Cauline leaves | petiolate; blade (obovate to oblanceolate, 4–22 cm × 3–12 mm, base cuneate to attenuate), margins entire to repand. |
blade reduced distally, often as bracts. |
Racemes | considerably elongated in fruit. |
(sometimes bracteate basally), elongated in fruit. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 6–10 mm, lateral pair not or slightly saccate basally; petals orange, yellow, brown, red, purple, violet, or white, broadly obovate to suborbicular, 20–35x 5–10 mm, claw 7–12 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 7–9 mm; anthers linear, 2.5–3.5 mm. |
sepals oblong or narrowly so, 5–9 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally; petals usually purple, rarely lilac, oblanceolate to broadly obovate, 10–20 × 3–5 mm, claw 5–9 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 6–9 mm; anthers narrowly oblong, 1–1.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate-ascending to ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, 7–13 mm. |
divaricate to ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, (4–)7–24(–35) mm. |
Fruits | ascending, narrowly linear, straight, not torulose, 3–10 cm × 2–7 mm, latiseptate to terete, not striped; valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2-rayed, glabrous inside; ovules 32–44 per ovary; style cylindrical or subconical, slender, 0.5–4 mm, pubescent; stigma strongly 2-lobed, lobes much longer than wide. |
erect to divaricate-ascending, narrowly linear, straight or curved inward, not torulose, (3–)5–11(–13) cm × 2–4 mm, latiseptate, not striped; valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2-rayed, glabrous inside; ovules (28–)36–74 per ovary; style cylindrical, stout, 0.5–3 mm, sparsely pubescent; stigma strongly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. |
Seeds | ovate, 2–4 × 1.5–3 mm; wing continuous or distal. |
oblong, 1.7–2.2 × 0.9–0.1.4 mm; not winged. |
Tri | -chomes of leaves 2-rayed, rarely mixed with fewer 3-rayed ones apically. |
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Trichomes | of leaves 2-rayed. |
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2n | = 12. |
= 24, 36. |
Erysimum cheiri |
Erysimum pallasii |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Disturbed sites, lawns, abandoned gardens | Cliffs, shaley slopes, talus, sandy ground, alpine areas, clay banks, pebbles, gravel |
Elevation | 0-1500 m (0-4900 ft) | 0-1300 m (0-4300 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; BC; QC; YT; Europe [Introduced in North America]
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AK; NT; NU; YT; Greenland; e Asia (Russian Far East) |
Discussion | Erysimum cheiri is a widely cultivated ornamental of European origin. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
R. C. Rollins (1993) and G. A. Mulligan (2002) listed haploid chromosome numbers of n = 12, 14, 18, and 21 for Erysimum pallasii, but it is doubtful that those deviating from x = 6 are correct. Tetraploid counts (2n = 24) are known from both Canada and Russian Far East, whereas hexaploid counts are known only from the latter region. G. B. Rossbach (1958) and Rollins recognized plants with racemes bracteate to the middle as var. bracteosum, but this distinction is rather artificial, and the species shows considerable variation in the number of bracteate flowers. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 539. | FNA vol. 7, p. 543. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cheiranthus cheiri | Cheiranthus pallasii, Cheiranthus pygmaeus, E. pallasii var. bracteosum, E. pygmaeum, Hesperis hookeri |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Crantz: Cl. Crucif. Emend., 116. (1769) | (Pursh) Fernald: Rhodora 27: 171. (1925) |
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