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Aegean wallflower, common wallflower, European wallflower, wallflower

Pallas' wallflower

Habit Biennials or subshrubs. Perennials; (caudex simple or branched, covered with persistent leaf bases).
Stems

erect, unbranched or branched distally, (woody at base when subshrubs), 1.5–8 dm.

erect, unbranched, (0.1–)0.4–4dm.

Basal leaves

(rosulate when biennial, often withered by fruiting), similar to cauline.

blade linear to narrowly linear-oblanceolate, 3–5 cm × 1–2 mm, base attenuate, margins entire or denticulate.

Cauline leaves

petiolate;

blade (obovate to oblanceolate, 4–22 cm × 3–12 mm, base cuneate to attenuate), margins entire to repand.

blade reduced distally, often as bracts.

Racemes

considerably elongated in fruit.

(sometimes bracteate basally), elongated in fruit.

Flowers

sepals oblong, 6–10 mm, lateral pair not or slightly saccate basally;

petals orange, yellow, brown, red, purple, violet, or white, broadly obovate to suborbicular, 20–35x 5–10 mm, claw 7–12 mm, apex rounded;

median filaments 7–9 mm;

anthers linear, 2.5–3.5 mm.

sepals oblong or narrowly so, 5–9 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally;

petals usually purple, rarely lilac, oblanceolate to broadly obovate, 10–20 × 3–5 mm, claw 5–9 mm, apex rounded;

median filaments 6–9 mm;

anthers narrowly oblong, 1–1.5 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

divaricate-ascending to ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, 7–13 mm.

divaricate to ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, (4–)7–24(–35) mm.

Fruits

ascending, narrowly linear, straight, not torulose, 3–10 cm × 2–7 mm, latiseptate to terete, not striped;

valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2-rayed, glabrous inside;

ovules 32–44 per ovary;

style cylindrical or subconical, slender, 0.5–4 mm, pubescent;

stigma strongly 2-lobed, lobes much longer than wide.

erect to divaricate-ascending, narrowly linear, straight or curved inward, not torulose, (3–)5–11(–13) cm × 2–4 mm, latiseptate, not striped;

valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2-rayed, glabrous inside;

ovules (28–)36–74 per ovary;

style cylindrical, stout, 0.5–3 mm, sparsely pubescent;

stigma strongly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide.

Seeds

ovate, 2–4 × 1.5–3 mm;

wing continuous or distal.

oblong, 1.7–2.2 × 0.9–0.1.4 mm;

not winged.

Tri

-chomes of leaves 2-rayed, rarely mixed with fewer 3-rayed ones apically.

Trichomes

of leaves 2-rayed.

2n

= 12.

= 24, 36.

Erysimum cheiri

Erysimum pallasii

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jul. Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat Disturbed sites, lawns, abandoned gardens Cliffs, shaley slopes, talus, sandy ground, alpine areas, clay banks, pebbles, gravel
Elevation 0-1500 m (0-4900 ft) 0-1300 m (0-4300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; BC; QC; YT; Europe [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; NT; NU; YT; Greenland; e Asia (Russian Far East)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Erysimum cheiri is a widely cultivated ornamental of European origin.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

R. C. Rollins (1993) and G. A. Mulligan (2002) listed haploid chromosome numbers of n = 12, 14, 18, and 21 for Erysimum pallasii, but it is doubtful that those deviating from x = 6 are correct. Tetraploid counts (2n = 24) are known from both Canada and Russian Far East, whereas hexaploid counts are known only from the latter region. G. B. Rossbach (1958) and Rollins recognized plants with racemes bracteate to the middle as var. bracteosum, but this distinction is rather artificial, and the species shows considerable variation in the number of bracteate flowers.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 539. FNA vol. 7, p. 543.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum
Sibling taxa
E. ammophilum, E. arenicola, E. asperum, E. capitatum, E. cheiranthoides, E. coarctatum, E. concinnum, E. franciscanum, E. hieraciifolium, E. inconspicuum, E. insulare, E. menziesii, E. occidentale, E. pallasii, E. perenne, E. repandum, E. suffrutescens, E. teretifolium
E. ammophilum, E. arenicola, E. asperum, E. capitatum, E. cheiranthoides, E. cheiri, E. coarctatum, E. concinnum, E. franciscanum, E. hieraciifolium, E. inconspicuum, E. insulare, E. menziesii, E. occidentale, E. perenne, E. repandum, E. suffrutescens, E. teretifolium
Synonyms Cheiranthus cheiri Cheiranthus pallasii, Cheiranthus pygmaeus, E. pallasii var. bracteosum, E. pygmaeum, Hesperis hookeri
Name authority (Linnaeus) Crantz: Cl. Crucif. Emend., 116. (1769) (Pursh) Fernald: Rhodora 27: 171. (1925)
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