Erysimum cheiri |
Erysimum arenicola |
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Aegean wallflower, common wallflower, European wallflower, wallflower |
Cascade wallflower, sand-dwelling wallflower |
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Habit | Biennials or subshrubs. | Perennials; (caudex simple or many-branched). |
Stems | erect, unbranched or branched distally, (woody at base when subshrubs), 1.5–8 dm. |
erect, unbranched or branched (several) basally, 0.4–3 dm. |
Basal leaves | (rosulate when biennial, often withered by fruiting), similar to cauline. |
blade usually oblanceolate, rarely spatulate, 2–8 cm × 3–10 mm, base attenuate, margins entire or dentate, apex acute or obtuse. |
Cauline leaves | petiolate; blade (obovate to oblanceolate, 4–22 cm × 3–12 mm, base cuneate to attenuate), margins entire to repand. |
(distal) sessile; blade margins entire or dentate-sinuate. |
Racemes | considerably elongated in fruit. |
considerably elongated in fruit. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 6–10 mm, lateral pair not or slightly saccate basally; petals orange, yellow, brown, red, purple, violet, or white, broadly obovate to suborbicular, 20–35x 5–10 mm, claw 7–12 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 7–9 mm; anthers linear, 2.5–3.5 mm. |
sepals oblong to linear-oblong, 7–10 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals yellow, obovate, 14–27 × 3.5–6 mm, claw 9–13 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 9–12 mm; anthers linear, 2–3.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate-ascending to ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, 7–13 mm. |
divaricate-ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, 5–8 mm. |
Fruits | ascending, narrowly linear, straight, not torulose, 3–10 cm × 2–7 mm, latiseptate to terete, not striped; valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2-rayed, glabrous inside; ovules 32–44 per ovary; style cylindrical or subconical, slender, 0.5–4 mm, pubescent; stigma strongly 2-lobed, lobes much longer than wide. |
erect to ascending, narrowly linear, often straight, sometimes twisted, strongly torulose, 3–10(–12) cm × 1.5–2.7 mm, latiseptate, not striped; valves with somewhat prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2–4-rayed, glabrous inside; ovules 24–42 per ovary; style cylindrical, slender, 1.5–5 mm, sparsely pubescent; stigma slightly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. |
Seeds | ovate, 2–4 × 1.5–3 mm; wing continuous or distal. |
oblong, 2–3.5 × 0.8–1.5 mm; not winged or winged distally. |
Tri | -chomes of leaves 2-rayed, rarely mixed with fewer 3-rayed ones apically. |
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Trichomes | of leaves 2- or 3-rayed. |
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2n | = 12. |
= 36. |
Erysimum cheiri |
Erysimum arenicola |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Disturbed sites, lawns, abandoned gardens | Rock crevices, talus slopes, alpine areas, open ridges, gravelly ground |
Elevation | 0-1500 m (0-4900 ft) | 900-2200 m (3000-7200 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; BC; QC; YT; Europe [Introduced in North America]
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OR; WA; BC
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Discussion | Erysimum cheiri is a widely cultivated ornamental of European origin. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erysimum arenicola is distributed at the higher elevations of northern Oregon northward into the Olympic and Cascade mountains in Washington and Vancouver Island. Both G. B. Rossbach (1958) and R. C. Rollins (1993) recognized Erysimum arenicola as a distinct species. It is closely related to E. perenne and both can be easily distinguished from E. capitatum, with which they hybridize where their ranges meet, by the strongly torulose (versus not torulose) fruits and the longer styles 1.5–5.5 versus 0.2–2.5(–3) mm. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 539. | FNA vol. 7, p. 536. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum | Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cheiranthus cheiri | Cheiranthus arenicola, E. arenicola var. torulosum, E. torulosum |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Crantz: Cl. Crucif. Emend., 116. (1769) | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 26: 124. (1891) |
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