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Cascade wallflower, sand-dwelling wallflower

coast wallflower, curly wallflower, headland wallflower, Pacific wallflower

Habit Perennials; (caudex simple or many-branched). Biennials or perennials; (short-lived).
Stems

erect, unbranched or branched (several) basally, 0.4–3 dm.

erect, unbranched or branched distally, 0.4–5(–7) dm.

Basal leaves

blade usually oblanceolate, rarely spatulate, 2–8 cm × 3–10 mm, base attenuate, margins entire or dentate, apex acute or obtuse.

blade (slightly fleshy), spatulate to oblanceolate, 2–11 cm × 4–20 mm, base attenuate, margins sinuate-dentate to coarsely dentate, apex rounded to subacute.

Cauline leaves

(distal) sessile;

blade margins entire or dentate-sinuate.

(distal) sessile;

blade margins entire or denticulate.

Racemes

considerably elongated in fruit.

considerably elongated in fruit.

Flowers

sepals oblong to linear-oblong, 7–10 mm, lateral pair saccate basally;

petals yellow, obovate, 14–27 × 3.5–6 mm, claw 9–13 mm, apex rounded;

median filaments 9–12 mm;

anthers linear, 2–3.5 mm.

sepals oblong, 8–19 mm, lateral pair saccate basally;

petals yellow to cream, suborbicular to broadly obovate, 15–32 × 6–16 mm, claw 8–12 mm, apex rounded;

median filaments 8–11 mm;

anthers linear, 3–4 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

divaricate-ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, 5–8 mm.

ascending, stout, narrower than fruit, 2–4(–6) mm.

Fruits

erect to ascending, narrowly linear, often straight, sometimes twisted, strongly torulose, 3–10(–12) cm × 1.5–2.7 mm, latiseptate, not striped;

valves with somewhat prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2–4-rayed, glabrous inside;

ovules 24–42 per ovary;

style cylindrical, slender, 1.5–5 mm, sparsely pubescent;

stigma slightly 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide.

usually ascending to suberect, rarely divaricate-ascending, narrowly linear, straight or curved inwards, not torulose, (3–)5–13 cm × 2.2–5 mm, terete when immature, becoming strongly latiseptate, not striped;

valves with obscure midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2–5-rayed, glabrous inside;

ovules 42–68 per ovary;

style cylindrical or flattened, stout, 0.5–2.5 mm, sparsely pubescent;

stigma 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide.

Seeds

oblong, 2–3.5 × 0.8–1.5 mm;

not winged or winged distally.

broadly ovate to suborbicular, (1.5–)2–4 × 1.5–3 mm;

wing continuous.

Trichomes

of leaves 2- or 3-rayed.

of leaves 2- or 3(–7)-rayed.

2n

= 36.

= 36.

Erysimum arenicola

Erysimum concinnum

Phenology Flowering Jun–Aug. Flowering Mar–Jun.
Habitat Rock crevices, talus slopes, alpine areas, open ridges, gravelly ground Coastal bluffs, dunes, prairies
Elevation 900-2200 m (3000-7200 ft) 0-400 m (0-1300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
OR; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Erysimum arenicola is distributed at the higher elevations of northern Oregon northward into the Olympic and Cascade mountains in Washington and Vancouver Island.

Both G. B. Rossbach (1958) and R. C. Rollins (1993) recognized Erysimum arenicola as a distinct species. It is closely related to E. perenne and both can be easily distinguished from E. capitatum, with which they hybridize where their ranges meet, by the strongly torulose (versus not torulose) fruits and the longer styles 1.5–5.5 versus 0.2–2.5(–3) mm.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Erysimum concinnum is a coastal species known from Curry County in Oregon, and from Del Norte, Humboldt, Marin, Mendocino, and Sonoma counties in California. Both G. B. Rossbach (1958) and R. C. Rollins (1993) treated it as a distinct species, but R. A. Price (1993) reduced it (invalidly) to a subspecies of E. menziesii.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 536. FNA vol. 7, p. 540.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum Brassicaceae > tribe Erysimeae > Erysimum
Sibling taxa
E. ammophilum, E. asperum, E. capitatum, E. cheiranthoides, E. cheiri, E. coarctatum, E. concinnum, E. franciscanum, E. hieraciifolium, E. inconspicuum, E. insulare, E. menziesii, E. occidentale, E. pallasii, E. perenne, E. repandum, E. suffrutescens, E. teretifolium
E. ammophilum, E. arenicola, E. asperum, E. capitatum, E. cheiranthoides, E. cheiri, E. coarctatum, E. franciscanum, E. hieraciifolium, E. inconspicuum, E. insulare, E. menziesii, E. occidentale, E. pallasii, E. perenne, E. repandum, E. suffrutescens, E. teretifolium
Synonyms Cheiranthus arenicola, E. arenicola var. torulosum, E. torulosum
Name authority S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 26: 124. (1891) Eastwood: Zoë 5: 103. (1901)
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