Eriophyllum lanatum |
Eriophyllum staechadifolium |
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common woolly sunflower, Oregon sunshine, woolly eriophyllum, woolly sunflower, wooly sunflower |
lizard tail, seaside woolly sunflower |
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Habit | Perennials or subshrubs, 10–100 cm (sometimes flowering first year). | Subshrubs, 30–150 cm. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | erect to decumbent (usually woolly). |
± erect. |
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Leaves | (proximal usually alternate): blades mostly lanceolate to oblanceolate, 1–8 cm, often 1–2(–3)-pinnately lobed, ultimate margins toothed, serrate, or entire, revolute or plane, faces hairy, often woolly (more densely abaxially, sometimes glabrate adaxially; distal leaves reduced in size and lobing). |
(proximal usually alternate, sometimes opposite): blades linear, lanceolate, or ovate, 3–7 cm, usually 1–2-pinnately lobed, ultimate margins entire or toothed, revolute, abaxial faces white-woolly, adaxial glabrate (distal leaves usually similar). |
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Peduncles | mostly 3–30 cm. |
mostly 0–1(–1.5) cm. |
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Involucres | campanulate to hemispheric, 6–15 mm diam. |
campanulate, 2–3+ mm diam. |
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Ray florets | 0 or 5–13(–15); laminae golden yellow to yellow, 6–20 (× 2–7) mm. |
0 or 6–9; laminae yellow, 3–5 (× 2–3) mm. |
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Disc florets | 20–300; corollas 2.5–5 mm (tubes usually glandular or glandular-hairy, glabrous in var. hallii). |
30–40; corollas 4 mm. |
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Phyllaries | 5–13(–15), distinct or connate at bases (lanceolate to ovate, carinate or plane). |
8–11, distinct (oblong, carinate, apices obtuse or acute). |
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Heads | borne singly or (2–5+) in corymbiform arrays. |
40–80+ per array. |
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Cypselae | 2–5 mm; pappi usually of 6–12 ovate or cuneate to lanceolate or lance-linear (often unequal), erose or lacerate scales 0.3–2 mm, sometimes coroniform, rarely 0. |
3–4 mm; pappi of 8–12 oblong or oblanceolate scales ca. 1 mm. |
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2n | = 30. |
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Eriophyllum lanatum |
Eriophyllum staechadifolium |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Sep. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Coastal dunes and bluffs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC; Mexico (probably extinct)
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CA; OR
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Discussion | Varieties 10 (10 in the flora). Eriophyllum lanatum is a polyploid complex of intergrading regional facies treated here as varieties. Artificial hybridization studies show that strong barriers to interbreeding exist among the varieties at the diploid level (J. S. Mooring 2001). In nature, morphologically intermediate polyploid populations often occur in regions where the ranges of the varieties approach one another. Edaphic factors and light intensity also make identification more difficult by strongly influencing leaf morphology and sizes of structures. For example, cultivated individuals of var. achillioides may have laciniately toothed rather than pinnatifid leaves. Rarely, plants of different varieties maintain their identity while growing side by side. In some instances, one is diploid and the other tetraploid; in others both are diploid. Varieties arachnoideum, croceum, grandiflorum, and obovatum apparently form natural hybrids with E. confertiflorum var. confertiflorum; past hybridizations may have resulted in the origin of E. latilobum and E. jepsonii (L. Constance 1937; P. A. Munz 1959; Mooring 1994) and E. confertiflorum var. tanacetiflorum (Mooring 1994). Our treatment of Eriophyllum lanatum closely follows that of L. Constance (1937), which was done without benefit of cytogeographic studies. The key is to modal populations of the varieties, usually based on living plants. Some varieties have been introduced into cultivation as ornamentals. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Morphologically, Eriophyllum staechadifolium appears to connect E. confertiflorum var. confertiflorum and E. (Constancea) nevinii. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 357. | FNA vol. 21, p. 362. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Baeriinae > Eriophyllum | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Baeriinae > Eriophyllum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | Actinella lanata | E. staechadifolium var. artemisiifolium, E. staechadifolium var. depressum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | (Pursh) J. Forbes: Hort. Woburn., 183. (1833) | Lagasca: Gen. Sp. Pl., 28. (1816) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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