Eriophyllum lanatum
Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae subtribe Baeriinae
common woolly sunflower, Oregon sunshine, woolly eriophyllum, woolly sunflower, wooly sunflower
erect to decumbent (usually woolly).
(proximal usually alternate): blades mostly lanceolate to oblanceolate, 1–8 cm, often 1–2(–3)-pinnately lobed, ultimate margins toothed, serrate, or entire, revolute or plane, faces hairy, often woolly (more densely abaxially, sometimes glabrate adaxially; distal leaves reduced in size and lobing).
basal, basal and cauline, or mostly cauline; mostly opposite (Lasthenia) or mostly alternate; usually sessile, sometimes obscurely petiolate;
blades (often 1–2 times pinnately lobed) or lobes often linear, ultimate margins entire or toothed, faces often ± woolly to tomentose, sometimes glabrate or glabrous, often gland-dotted.
mostly 3–30 cm.
campanulate to hemispheric, 6–15 mm diam.
ovoid or obconic to campanulate or hemispheric.
flat, convex, hemispheric, or conic (smooth, knobby, or pitted, glabrous or hairy), usually epaleate (paleae usually 0, rare in Eriophyllum).
0 or 5–13(–15);
laminae golden yellow to yellow, 6–20 (× 2–7) mm.
0 or 4–21, pistillate, fertile (3–8 peripheral florets pistillate, fertile, corollas tubular in Amblyopappus and Monolopia congdonii);
corollas yellow to orange, often darker proximally, sometimes purplish (usually ± bilabiate in Monolopia).
20–300;
corollas 2.5–5 mm (tubes usually glandular or glandular-hairy, glabrous in var. hallii).
2–300, bisexual, fertile;
corollas yellow to orange, tubes shorter than or about equaling funnelform or campanulate throats, lobes 4–5, deltate, glabrous or papillate;
anther thecae usually pale;
stigmatic papillae in 2 lines.
5–13(–15), distinct or connate at bases (lanceolate to ovate, carinate or plane).
persistent, mostly 3–18 in 1–2 series, (erect or reflexed in fruit) distinct or connate, mostly elliptic, lanceolate, ovate, or obovate, usually ± equal, mostly herbaceous, sometimes indurate (at least proximally), flat or weakly cupped at bases, sometimes scarious-margined, often woolly to tomentose, sometimes glabrate or glabrous.
0.
borne singly or (2–5+) in corymbiform arrays.
radiate, discoid, or disciform, borne singly or in corymbiform, glomerate, or paniculiform arrays.
2–5 mm;
pappi usually of 6–12 ovate or cuneate to lanceolate or lance-linear (often unequal), erose or lacerate scales 0.3–2 mm, sometimes coroniform, rarely 0.
clavate or obovoid to terete, or obpyramidal, sometimes compressed or obcompressed, glabrous, hairy, or papillate (compressed, callous-margined, and ciliolate in Eatonella, Lasthenia chrysantha, and Monolopia congdonii; sometimes winged in Monolopia);
pappi 0 or of 1–12+ aristate, erose, laciniate, or truncate scales or awns in 1–2 series (often 2 sorts of scales in combination on 1 cypsela).
Eriophyllum lanatum
Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae subtribe Baeriinae
Varieties 10 (10 in the flora).
Eriophyllum lanatum is a polyploid complex of intergrading regional facies treated here as varieties. Artificial hybridization studies show that strong barriers to interbreeding exist among the varieties at the diploid level (J. S. Mooring 2001). In nature, morphologically intermediate polyploid populations often occur in regions where the ranges of the varieties approach one another. Edaphic factors and light intensity also make identification more difficult by strongly influencing leaf morphology and sizes of structures. For example, cultivated individuals of var. achillioides may have laciniately toothed rather than pinnatifid leaves. Rarely, plants of different varieties maintain their identity while growing side by side. In some instances, one is diploid and the other tetraploid; in others both are diploid. Varieties arachnoideum, croceum, grandiflorum, and obovatum apparently form natural hybrids with E. confertiflorum var. confertiflorum; past hybridizations may have resulted in the origin of E. latilobum and E. jepsonii (L. Constance 1937; P. A. Munz 1959; Mooring 1994) and E. confertiflorum var. tanacetiflorum (Mooring 1994).
Our treatment of Eriophyllum lanatum closely follows that of L. Constance (1937), which was done without benefit of cytogeographic studies. The key is to modal populations of the varieties, usually based on living plants.
Some varieties have been introduced into cultivation as ornamentals.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Genera 9, species 44 (7 genera, 41 species in the flora).
Members of Baeriinae are found mostly in western North America; there are disjuncts in western South America. H. Robinson (1981) treated Baeriinae as a relatively isolated element among epaleate subtribes of Heliantheae. B. G. Baldwin (in Baldwin et al. 2002) included Baeriinae within Madieae.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Ray florets 8–9 (disc corolla tubes glabrous; s California) | var. hallii |
1. Ray florets usually (5–)8–15, rarely 0 (disc corolla tubes glandular or glandular-hairy) | → 2 |
2. Pappi to 0.2 mm, sometimes coroniform, rarely 0 | → 3 |
2. Pappi (0.3–)0.5–2 mm | → 4 |
3. Proximal leaves pinnately lobed, lobes 3–5, abaxial faces loosely cobwebby-woolly; California, Coast Ranges | var. arachnoideum |
3. Proximal leaves coarsely serrate or shallowly lobed distally, abaxial faces densely silky-woolly; California, Sierra Nevada | var. croceum |
4. Proximal leaves 1–2(–3)-pinnately lobed | → 5 |
4. Proximal leaves laciniately toothed, serrate, or entire | → 8 |
5. Proximal leaves 1-pinnately lobed; peduncles mostly 5–30 cm | → 6 |
5. Proximal leaves 1–2(–3)-pinnately lobed (sinuses almost to midribs); peduncles mostly 3–15 cm | → 7 |
6. Proximal leaves usually lobed (beginning in proximal 1/2 of leaf); peduncles mostly 10–30 cm; California, sw Oregon | var. grandiflorum |
6. Proximal leaves usually lobed (beginning in distal 1/2 of leaf); peduncles mostly 5–15(–20) cm; Idaho, Montana, ne Oregon, e Washington | var. lanatum |
7. Perennials (often clumped); proximal leaves usually mostly opposite, 1(–2)-pinnately lobed, lobes ± linear (with 0–2 teeth, ultimate margins not crispate), abaxial faces usually densely gray-woolly; heads 2–5 per array or borne singly; ray laminae 8–20 mm; British Columbia, sw Oregon, Washington | var. leucophyllum |
7. Perennials (sometimes flowering first year); proximal leaves usually mostly alternate, 1–2(–3)-pinnately lobed, lobes usually ± triangular (with 0–4 teeth, ultimate margins often crispate), abaxial faces woolly; heads usually 3–8 per array; ray laminae usually 6–9(–16) mm; California, Nevada, s Oregon | var. achilleoides |
8. Leaves: margins revolute, abaxial faces woolly, adaxial tufted-woolly or glabrate | → 9 |
8. Leaves: margins usually plane, sometimes slightly revolute in var. integrifolium, abaxial and adaxial faces woolly | → 10 |
9. Peduncles mostly 10–30 cm; cypselae (2.4–)2.5–3.5(–4) mm; California, sw Oregon | var. grandiflorum |
9. Peduncles mostly 5–15(–20) cm; cypselae (3.4–)3.5–5 mm; Idaho, Montana, ne Oregon, e Washington | var. lanatum |
10. Involucres 6–10 mm diam.; ray florets (5–)8(–10) | var. integrifolium |
10. Involucres 10–15 mm diam.; ray florets 10–13(–15) | → 11 |
11. Involucres 10–12 mm diam.; ray laminae 6–7 mm; s California | var. obovatum |
11. Involucres 12–15 mm diam.; ray laminae 7–10(–15) mm; n California,s Oregon | var. lanceolatum |
1. Leaves all or mostly opposite | Lasthenia |
1. Leaves mostly alternate (proximal sometimes opposite) | → 2 |
2. Leaves glabrous (often granular-glandular, not woolly) | Amblyopappus |
2. Leaves ± woolly or tomentose (usually stems and/or phyllaries as well) | → 3 |
3. Heads ± disciform (4–7 peripheral florets pistillate, corollas with laminae ca. 0.5 mm) | Monolopia |
3. Heads usually radiate, sometimes discoid | → 4 |
4. Phyllaries usually reflexed in fruit (ray laminae 2–2.5 mm; pappi of 2, ± lacini-ate to nearly entire, often uniaristate scales 1.5–3 mm) | Eatonella |
4. Phyllaries usually ± erect in fruit | → 5 |
5. Ray florets 7–11 (corollas obscurely bilabiate, laminae each opposed by adaxial lobe or tooth) | Monolopia |
5. Ray florets 0 or 3–13 (corollas not bilabiate) | → 6 |
6. Annuals; ray cypselae obcompressed (disc corollas with rings of hairs at bases of limbs) | Pseudobahia |
6. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs; ray cypselae usually prismatic, 4–5-angled (disc corollas without rings of hairs) | → 7 |
7. Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs; phyllaries 4–13(–15) in 1+ series; pappi 0, or coroniform, or of 6–12+ (distinct) scales (in 1–2 similar or contrasting series) | Eriophyllum |
7. Subshrubs; phyllaries 8–16+ in ± 2 series; pappi of 2–6+ (unequal or 2 opposite, longer, and ± equal, basally connate, oblong to subulate) scales (tips acute to erose) | Constancea |
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