Eriophorum chamissonis |
Eriophorum |
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Chamisso's cotton-grass, linaigrette de Chamisso, russet cottongrass, russet cottonsedge, russett (rusty) cotton-grass |
bog-cotton, cotton-grass, linaigrette |
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Habit | Plants colonial from long-creeping rhizomes. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose or not, rhizomatous. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Culms | solitary or few together, somewhat trigonous, (20–)30–70(–80) cm, stout, to 1.5(–4) mm diam. basally; basal sheaths persistent, brown to purplish brown, septate-nodulose. |
solitary or not, trigonous or terete. |
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Leaves | blades filiform, trigonous-channeled, (2–)3–10 cm × 1–2 mm; distal 1–2 leaf sheaths bladeless, inflated. |
basal and cauline; cauline leaves sometimes bladeless sheaths; ligules present; blades filiform to flat with filiform tip, to 25 cm × 2.5–4 mm. |
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Inflorescences | involucral bracts absent. |
terminal, spikelets solitary, erect or (1–)2–10(–30) in subcapitate or subumbellate panicle; involucral bracts 1–several, scalelike or blade-bearing and leaflike throughout. |
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Spikelets | solitary, erect, globose in fruit, 1.5–2(–4) cm; scales blackish to purplish brown; proximal empty scales not more than 7, obovate or trigonous-obovate, 4–20 mm, margins white or paler, as wide as dark portion, apex blunt; distal scales obovate to ovate-lanceolate, margins hyaline, 1 mm wide or wider. |
scales (10–)20–200, spirally arranged, each subtending flower, or proximal empty. |
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Flowers | perianth bristles 10 or more, red-brown to white, 20–40 mm, smooth; anthers (0.6–)1.5–3 mm. |
bisexual; perianth persistent, of (8–)10–25 hairlike, smooth bristles, or very rarely 6 antrorsely barbed bristles, greatly elongate, essentially straight, usually obscuring most of scales in spikelet, much longer than achene; stamens 1–3; styles deciduous, linear, 3-fid. |
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Achenes | oblong-obovoid, 2–2.7 mm, as wide as long, apex apiculate (0.3–0.5 mm). |
trigonous. |
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2n | = 58. |
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Eriophorum chamissonis |
Eriophorum |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Peat, bogs, marshes, muskegs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 0–3000 m (0–9800 ft) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AK; CO; ID; MN; MT; ND; NE; OR; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; SPM; Greenland; Eurasia
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Mostly in cool temperate; alpine; and arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere |
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Discussion | The Eriophorum chamissonis complex contains taxa based mainly on stem size and bristle color (M. Raymond 1954). Much of the variation appears to be continuous with abundant intermediates; experimental studies are needed to determine the biological basis of the variation. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species ca. 25 (11 in the flora). In some species the North American populations are considered to be conspecific with Eurasian populations; differences in achene micromorphology and isozyme data suggest that these relationships should be investigated more thoroughly. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 25. | FNA vol. 23, p. 21. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Eriophorum | Cyperaceae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | E. altaicum var. neogeum, E. chamissonis var. aquatile, E. rufescens, E. russeolum subsp. rufescens, E. russeolum var. albidum, E. russeolum var. leucothrix, E. russeolum var. majus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | C. A. Meyer: in C. F. Ledebour, Fl. Altaica 1: 70. (1829) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 52. (1753): Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 27. (1754) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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