Eriophorum angustifolium |
Eriophorum vaginatum |
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many-spike bog cotton, many-spike cotton-grass, narrow-leaf cotton-grass, tall cottongrass, tall cottonsedge |
hare's-tail cottongrass, linaigrette à large gaine, sheath cotton-grass, sheath cottonsedge, tussock cotton-grass, tussock cottonsedge |
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Habit | Plants colonial from long-creeping rhizomes. | Plants cespitose, tussock forming. | ||||
Culms | to 100 cm × (0.8–)1–1.2 mm distally. |
10–60 cm; basal sheaths brown. |
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Leaves | blades flat, tip trigonous, channeled in cross section, to 40 cm × 1.5–6(–8) mm; distal leaf blade much longer than sheath. |
bladeless sheaths 1–3 per culm, expanding distally, to 1 mm wide; blades filiform, trigonous, not more than 1 cm. |
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Inflorescences | blade-bearing involucral bracts 1–3, proximally blade, often sheath black, leaflike, longest 1–12 cm. |
involucral bracts absent. |
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Spikelets | (1–)2–10, in subumbels, patent or pendent, ovoid, 10–20 mm in flower, 20–50 mm in fruit; peduncles 5–60 mm, smooth or scabrous; scales lanceolate or ovate, 5–10 mm, with prominent midrib fading proximal to tip, apex ± acute; proximal scales without lateral ribs. |
solitary, erect, globose-subglobose to ovoid-oblong, 10–20 mm in flower, to 50 mm in fruit; scales lead-colored to greenish gray with white-hyaline margins to 1 mm wide; empty scales more than 10, ovate-lanceolate; proximal scales reflexed or spreading at maturity, 5–10 mm. |
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Flowers | perianth bristles 10 or more, white or pale yellow brown, 15–30 mm, smooth; anthers 2–5 mm. |
perianth bristles 10 or more, white, seldom reddish or brown, 10–18 mm, smooth; anthers 1–3 mm. |
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Achenes | black, oblanceoloid, 2–5 mm. |
ovoid to obovoid, 1.9–3.5 mm, apex minutely apiculate. |
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2n | = 58, 60. |
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Eriophorum angustifolium |
Eriophorum vaginatum |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer. | |||||
Habitat | Bogs, meadows, swales, tundra, wet places, peaty soils | |||||
Elevation | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AK; CO; IA; ID; IL; IN; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NM; NY; OR; SD; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; n Eurasia
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AK; CT; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; VT; WI; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; QC; SK; YT; Greenland; Eurasia
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Discussion | eriophorum polystachion linnaeus is a rejected name Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Eriophorum vaginatum is variable; many authorities divide it into two subspecies, E. vaginatum subsp. vaginatum and E. vaginatum subsp. spissum (Fernald) Hultén, differing in spikelet shape, scale color, and anther size. The remarkable degree of morphologic overlap and the limited number of consistent characters that can be used to delimit the subspecies has been problematic and controversial. Many intermediates between the essentially sympatric subspecies occur, especially in the center of the range of the species. In the absence of definitive data only one taxon is recognized. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 23. | FNA vol. 23. | ||||
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Eriophorum | Cyperaceae > Eriophorum | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | E. spissum, E. spissum var. erubescens, E. vaginatum subsp. spissum | |||||
Name authority | Honckeny: Verz. Gew. Teutschl., 153. (1782) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 52. (1753) | ||||
Web links |