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many-spike bog cotton, many-spike cotton-grass, narrow-leaf cotton-grass, tall cottongrass, tall cottonsedge

hare's-tail cottongrass, linaigrette à large gaine, sheath cotton-grass, sheath cottonsedge, tussock cotton-grass, tussock cottonsedge

Habit Plants colonial from long-creeping rhizomes. Plants cespitose, tussock forming.
Culms

to 100 cm × (0.8–)1–1.2 mm distally.

10–60 cm;

basal sheaths brown.

Leaves

blades flat, tip trigonous, channeled in cross section, to 40 cm × 1.5–6(–8) mm;

distal leaf blade much longer than sheath.

bladeless sheaths 1–3 per culm, expanding distally, to 1 mm wide;

blades filiform, trigonous, not more than 1 cm.

Inflorescences

blade-bearing involucral bracts 1–3, proximally blade, often sheath black, leaflike, longest 1–12 cm.

involucral bracts absent.

Spikelets

(1–)2–10, in subumbels, patent or pendent, ovoid, 10–20 mm in flower, 20–50 mm in fruit;

peduncles 5–60 mm, smooth or scabrous;

scales lanceolate or ovate, 5–10 mm, with prominent midrib fading proximal to tip, apex ± acute;

proximal scales without lateral ribs.

solitary, erect, globose-subglobose to ovoid-oblong, 10–20 mm in flower, to 50 mm in fruit;

scales lead-colored to greenish gray with white-hyaline margins to 1 mm wide; empty scales more than 10, ovate-lanceolate;

proximal scales reflexed or spreading at maturity, 5–10 mm.

Flowers

perianth bristles 10 or more, white or pale yellow brown, 15–30 mm, smooth;

anthers 2–5 mm.

perianth bristles 10 or more, white, seldom reddish or brown, 10–18 mm, smooth;

anthers 1–3 mm.

Achenes

black, oblanceoloid, 2–5 mm.

ovoid to obovoid, 1.9–3.5 mm, apex minutely apiculate.

2n

= 58, 60.

Eriophorum angustifolium

Eriophorum vaginatum

Phenology Fruiting summer.
Habitat Bogs, meadows, swales, tundra, wet places, peaty soils
Elevation 0–500 m (0–1600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; CO; IA; ID; IL; IN; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NM; NY; OR; SD; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; n Eurasia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; CT; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; VT; WI; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; QC; SK; YT; Greenland; Eurasia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

eriophorum polystachion linnaeus is a rejected name

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Eriophorum vaginatum is variable; many authorities divide it into two subspecies, E. vaginatum subsp. vaginatum and E. vaginatum subsp. spissum (Fernald) Hultén, differing in spikelet shape, scale color, and anther size. The remarkable degree of morphologic overlap and the limited number of consistent characters that can be used to delimit the subspecies has been problematic and controversial. Many intermediates between the essentially sympatric subspecies occur, especially in the center of the range of the species. In the absence of definitive data only one taxon is recognized.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Peduncles glabrous or scabrous on angles; culms 20–100 cm.
subsp. angustifolium
1. Peduncles usually scabrous all around; culms not more than 30 cm.
subsp. triste
Source FNA vol. 23, p. 23. FNA vol. 23.
Parent taxa Cyperaceae > Eriophorum Cyperaceae > Eriophorum
Sibling taxa
E. brachyantherum, E. callitrix, E. chamissonis, E. crinigerum, E. gracile, E. scheuchzeri, E. tenellum, E. vaginatum, E. virginicum, E. viridicarinatum
E. angustifolium, E. brachyantherum, E. callitrix, E. chamissonis, E. crinigerum, E. gracile, E. scheuchzeri, E. tenellum, E. virginicum, E. viridicarinatum
Subordinate taxa
E. angustifolium subsp. angustifolium, E. angustifolium subsp. triste
Synonyms E. spissum, E. spissum var. erubescens, E. vaginatum subsp. spissum
Name authority Honckeny: Verz. Gew. Teutschl., 153. (1782) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 52. (1753)
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