Flora of North America species comparison

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Eriogonum wrightii

Eriogonum wrightii var. membranaceum

bastard-sage, bastard-sage buckwheat, Wright's buckwheat, Wright's wild buckwheat
Photo is of parent taxon

bastardsage, ringed-stem bastard-sage, Wright s buckwheat
Habit Shrubs, subshrubs, or herbs, rarely scapose, (1–)1.5–10 × 1–15(–18) dm or, if matted, 0.1–2.5(–3) × 0.5–3(–5) dm, , lanate to thinly tomentose, or glabrous, grayish to greenish or reddish. Subshrubs, 2–4(–5) × 3–6 dm, mostly thinly tomentose.
Stems

spreading to erect, with or without persistent leaf bases, up to 1/2 or more height of plant;

caudex stems absent or spreading, occasionally matted;

aerial flowering stems erect to spreading, stout to slender, solid, not fistulose, (0.1–)0.5–4(–6) dm, tomentose, floccose, or glabrous.

Leaves

basal and fasciculate in terminal tufts, or cauline and fasciculate, occasionally 1 per node;

petiole 0.02–0.5(–1) cm, tomentose to floccose;

blade oblanceolate to broadly elliptic, 0.1–3 × 0.1–1 cm, tomentose to floccose, sometimes subglabrous or glabrous and green adaxially, margins plane, sometimes revolute.

petiole bases forming distinct ring around stem;

blade elliptic, 0.2–0.6(–1) × 0.1–0.3(–0.4) cm.
Inflorescences

virgate or cymose with involucres disposed at tips racemosely arranged involucres, rarely capitate, (1–)5–20 × (1–)10–40 cm;

branches dichotomous, tomentose, floccose, or glabrous;

bracts 3, triangular, scalelike, 0.5–3.5 mm.

virgate or cymose;

branches usually slender.
Peduncles

absent.

Involucres

1 per node, turbinate to narrowly campanulate, (0.7–)1–4 × 1–2.5 mm, tomentose, floccose, or glabrous;

teeth 5, erect, 0.3–1 mm.

2–3 mm.
Flowers

1–4 mm;

perianth white to pink or rose, glabrous;

tepals connate proximal 1/4, monomorphic, obovate;

stamens exserted, 1.5–4 mm;

filaments glabrous or sparsely pilose proximally.

3–4 mm;

perianth white to pink or rose.
Achenes

light brown to brown, (1–)1.5–3 mm, glabrous.

2.5–3 mm.

Eriogonum wrightii

Eriogonum wrightii var. membranaceum
Phenology Flowering Jul–Oct.
Habitat Gravelly to rocky soils, chaparral communities, oak and conifer woodlands
Elevation 300-2200 m (1000-7200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; NM; NV; TX; UT; including nw Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 9 (6 in the flora).

Eriogonum wrightii is subdivided into several varieties most of which are distinct, although a few have rather indistinct boundaries. Some of the variation has yet to be fully resolved, especially in the var. nodosum complex where, at least in Mexico, one additional expression remains to be named. A clear distinction between var. subscaposum and E. kennedyi is not possible in southern California (see discussion below). Nearly all of the varieties of E. wrightii are in cultivation, although the most elegant (var. olanchense) has yet to be so honored.

Few ethnobotanical uses of bastard-sage are reported in the literature. L. C. Wyman and S. K. Harris (1951) noted that the Kayenta Navajo use it (var. wrightii) as an emetic, while M. L. Zigmond (1981) stated that the Kawaiisu used the pounded seeds (probably of var. subscaposum) in a beverage or as a dry meal. Members of the species are food plants for the rare Rita dotted-blue butterfly (Euphilotes rita), the Pacific dotted-blue (E. enoptes), the veined blue (Plebeius neurona), and the Mormon metalmark (Apodemia mormo mormo).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Variety membranaceum is a basically Mexican taxon that barely enters the flora area (southwesternmost Kern, western Imperial, Los Angeles, western Riverside, southeastern San Bernardino, San Diego, and southern Ventura counties). The ring-like petiole bases that surround the node are distinctive, being seen otherwise only in some of the perennial species of Chorizanthe in Chile. Ringed-stem bastard-sage is occasionally planted as an ornamental; it is particularly attractive to honey bees. The variety is related to both var. dentatum (S. Stokes) Reveal and var. taxifolium (Greene) Parish of Baja California, Mexico.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Key
1. Plants loosely to compactly matted or herbs
→ 2
1. Plants shrubs or subshrubs
→ 3
2. Plants 0.5-2.5(-3) dm; leaf blades 0.5-1(-1.2) cm; involucres 1.5-4 mm; e and s California,wc Nevada
var. subscaposum
2. Plants 0.1-0.3(-0.6) dm; leaf blades 0.1-0.25 cm; involucres 0.8-1.7(-2) mm; se California
var. olanchense
3. Flowering stems and branches grayish, lanate to densely tomentose; sw Arizona, se California
var. nodosum
3. Flowering stems and inflorescence branches whitish, reddish, or greenish, tomentose to floccose; widespread
→ 4
4. Petiole bases forming distinct ring around stem; leaf blades 0.2-0.6(-1) × 0.1-0.3(-0.4) cm; s California
var. membranaceum
4. Petiole bases not forming distinct ring around stem; leaf blades 0.5-3 × 0.2-1 cm; sw United States, Mexico
→ 5
5. Leaf blades 0.5-1.5 × 0.2-0.5(-0.7) cm; involucres 2-2.5 mm; flowers 2.5-3.5 mm; se California to w Texas
var. wrightii
5. Leaf blades 1.5-3 × 0.5-1 cm; involucres 3-4 mm; flowers 3-4 mm; c and nw California
var. trachygonum
Source FNA vol. 5, p. 289. FNA vol. 5, p. 291.
Parent taxa Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Eriogonum > subg. Eucycla Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Eriogonum > subg. Eucycla > Eriogonum wrightii
Sibling taxa
E. abertianum, E. acaule, E. alatum, E. aliquantum, E. allenii, E. alpinum, E. ammophilum, E. ampullaceum, E. androsaceum, E. anemophilum, E. angulosum, E. annuum, E. apiculatum, E. apricum, E. arborescens, E. arcuatum, E. aretioides, E. argillosum, E. argophyllum, E. arizonicum, E. artificis, E. atrorubens, E. baileyi, E. batemanii, E. bicolor, E. bifurcatum, E. brachyanthum, E. brachypodum, E. brandegeei, E. breedlovei, E. brevicaule, E. butterworthianum, E. caespitosum, E. capillare, E. cernuum, E. chrysops, E. cinereum, E. cithariforme, E. clavatum, E. clavellatum, E. codium, E. collinum, E. coloradense, E. compositum, E. concinnum, E. congdonii, E. contiguum, E. contortum, E. correllii, E. corymbosum, E. covilleanum, E. crocatum, E. cronquistii, E. crosbyae, E. cusickii, E. darrovii, E. dasyanthemum, E. davidsonii, E. deflexum, E. deserticola, E. desertorum, E. diatomaceum, E. diclinum, E. divaricatum, E. douglasii, E. eastwoodianum, E. effusum, E. elatum, E. elegans, E. elongatum, E. ephedroides, E. eremicola, E. eremicum, E. ericifolium, E. esmeraldense, E. evanidum, E. exaltatum, E. exilifolium, E. fasciculatum, E. flavum, E. fusiforme, E. giganteum, E. gilmanii, E. glandulosum, E. gordonii, E. gossypinum, E. gracile, E. gracilipes, E. gracillimum, E. grande, E. greggii, E. gypsophilum, E. havardii, E. heermannii, E. helichrysoides, E. hemipterum, E. heracleoides, E. hieracifolium, E. hirtellum, E. hirtiflorum, E. hoffmannii, E. holmgrenii, E. hookeri, E. howellianum, E. hylophilum, E. incanum, E. inerme, E. inflatum, E. intrafractum, E. jamesii, E. jonesii, E. kelloggii, E. kennedyi, E. kingii, E. lachnogynum, E. lancifolium, E. latens, E. latifolium, E. lemmonii, E. leptocladon, E. leptophyllum, E. libertini, E. lobbii, E. loganum, E. lonchophyllum, E. longifolium, E. luteolum, E. maculatum, E. mancum, E. marifolium, E. mensicola, E. microthecum, E. mitophyllum, E. mohavense, E. molestum, E. mortonianum, E. multiflorum, E. natum, E. nealleyi, E. nervulosum, E. nidularium, E. niveum, E. nortonii, E. novonudum, E. nudum, E. nummulare, E. nutans, E. ochrocephalum, E. ordii, E. ostlundii, E. ovalifolium, E. palmerianum, E. panamintense, E. panguicense, E. parishii, E. parvifolium, E. pauciflorum, E. pelinophilum, E. pendulum, E. pharnaceoides, E. plumatella, E. polycladon, E. polypodum, E. prattenianum, E. prociduum, E. pulchrum, E. pusillum, E. pyrolifolium, E. racemosum, E. reniforme, E. ripleyi, E. rixfordii, E. robustum, E. rosense, E. roseum, E. rotundifolium, E. rubricaule, E. rupinum, E. salicornioides, E. saxatile, E. scabrellum, E. scopulorum, E. shockleyi, E. siskiyouense, E. smithii, E. soliceps, E. soredium, E. spathulatum, E. spectabile, E. spergulinum, E. sphaerocephalum, E. strictum, E. subreniforme, E. suffruticosum, E. temblorense, E. tenellum, E. ternatum, E. terrenatum, E. thomasii, E. thompsoniae, E. thornei, E. thurberi, E. thymoides, E. tiehmii, E. tomentosum, E. trichopes, E. tripodum, E. truncatum, E. tumulosum, E. twisselmannii, E. umbellatum, E. ursinum, E. vestitum, E. villiflorum, E. vimineum, E. viridescens, E. viridulum, E. viscidulum, E. visheri, E. watsonii, E. wetherillii, E. wootonii, E. zionis
E. wrightii var. nodosum, E. wrightii var. olanchense, E. wrightii var. subscaposum, E. wrightii var. trachygonum, E. wrightii var. wrightii
Subordinate taxa
E. wrightii var. membranaceum, E. wrightii var. nodosum, E. wrightii var. olanchense, E. wrightii var. subscaposum, E. wrightii var. trachygonum, E. wrightii var. wrightii
Synonyms E. trachygonum subsp. wrightii E. trachygonum subsp. membranaceum, E. wrightii subsp. membranaceum
Name authority Torrey ex Bentham: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 14: 15. (1856) S. Stokes ex Jepson: Fl. Calif. 1: 416. (1914)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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