Eriogonum strictum |
Eriogonum strictum var. proliferum |
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Blue Mountain buckwheat, strict buckwheat |
Blue Mountain buckwheat, proliferous buckwheat, proliferous wild buckwheat, strict buckwheat |
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Habit | Herbs, erect, loosely to densely matted, not scapose, 1–5 × 1–10 dm, tomentose or glabrous. | Plants loose mats, 2–4 dm wide. | ||||||||||||
Stems | spreading to erect, with or without persistent leaf bases, up to 1/4 height of plant; caudex stems absent or spreading to matted; aerial flowering stems erect to spreading, slender, solid, not fistulose, 1–3 dm, tomentose or glabrous. |
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Leaves | basal, 1 per node; petiole rarely twisted or curled, 1–6 cm, mostly tomentose; blade elliptic to ovate, 0.5–2.5(–4) × (0.3–)0.5–1.5 cm, lanate, tomentose to floccose on both surfaces, sometimes sparsely tomentose to floccose and greenish or floccose to subglabrous or glabrous adaxially, margins plane. |
blades broadly elliptic to ovate, 1–3 cm, grayish-tomentose to floccose on both surfaces, sometimes greenish-tomentose to floccose and greenish adaxially. |
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Inflorescences | umbellate-cymose to cymose, 1–20 × 3–25 cm; branches dichotomous, tomentose to floccose or less often glabrous; bracts 3, scalelike, triangular, 1–3 mm. |
5–15 cm; branches tomentose to floccose. |
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Peduncles | absent. |
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Involucres | 1 per node, rarely 2–5 per cluster, narrowly turbinate to turbinate-campanulate, 4–6 × 1.5–5 mm, tomentose or glabrous; teeth 5, erect, 0.5–1.3 mm. |
4–6 × 2–4 mm, tomentose. |
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Flowers | 3–5(–6) mm; perianth yellow or white to rose or purple, glabrous; tepals connate proximally, dimorphic, those of outer whorl elliptic to nearly orbiculate, 2–3 × 2–3 mm, those of inner whorl oblanceolate to oblong, 3–4 × 1–2 mm; stamens included to slightly exserted, 2–5 mm; filaments pilose proximally. |
3–5 mm; perianth white to rose or purple. |
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Achenes | light brown to brown, 3–3.5 mm, glabrous. |
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Eriogonum strictum |
Eriogonum strictum var. proliferum |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Sandy to gravelly flats and slopes, sagebrush communities, montane conifer woodlands | |||||||||||||
Elevation | (100-)400-2700 m ((300-)1300-8900 ft) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; WA
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CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; WA |
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Discussion | Varieties 4 (4 in the flora). Eriogonum strictum, E. niveum, and E. ovalifolium form a complex of closely related species differing in leaf, inflorescence branching, and flower features. Variety proliferum appears to be the basal entity of the complex, approaching both E. niveum and E. ovalifolium var. pansum in its pubescence and branching pattern. Also, specimens of var. proliferum are sometimes difficult to differentiate from E. nudum var. oblongifolium. Careful observation, though, will permit well-made collections to be easily distributed among the individual species. An alternative taxonomy is to reduce all of the taxa to E. ovalifolium and recognize a series of subspecies and varieties. It is possible that additional study will show that E. strictum is sufficiently distinct from its tomentose to floccose counterparts to justify recognition of E. proliferum. In that case, both var. anserinum and var. greenei would be assigned to the latter species. Or, one could follow C. L. Hitchcock et al. (1955–1969, vol. 2) and recognize subsp. strictum as distinct from subsp. proliferum, with the latter consisting of varieties proliferum, anserinum, and greenei. Members of the Eriogonum strictum are food plants for the Bauer’s dotted-blue butterfly (Euphilotes baueri). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Variety proliferum is widespread and often rather common throughout its range. The largest concentration is found in a gentle arc from northeastern Washington to southern Idaho and western Montana. The variety is widely distributed also in central and eastern Oregon, northern California, and Nevada. In portions of central Idaho and western Montana, some individuals clearly approach Eriogonum ovalifolium var. pansum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 317. | FNA vol. 5, p. 318. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Eriogonum > subg. Eucycla | Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Eriogonum > subg. Eucycla > Eriogonum strictum | ||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Synonyms | E. proliferum, E. fulvum, E. strictum var. argenteum, E. strictum subsp. bellum, E. strictum subsp. proliferum | |||||||||||||
Name authority | Bentham: Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 414. (1836) | (Torrey & A. Gray) C. L. Hitchcock: in C. L. Hitchcock et al., Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N.W. 2: 132. (1964) | ||||||||||||
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