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angle stem buckwheat, angle-stem wild buckwheat

sulfur buckwheat, sulfurflower, sulphur buckwheat, sulphur flower, sulphur-flower buckwheat, sulphur-flower wild buckwheat

Habit Herbs, erect to spreading, annual, 1–5(–10) dm, tomen-tose to floccose or glabrous, usually grayish. Herbs, subshrubs, or shrubs, cespitose, matted or spreading, sometimes erect, often polygamo-dioecious, (0.2–)1–12(–20) × (0.5–)1–12(–20) dm, glabrous or tomentose.
Stems

caudex absent;

aerial flowering stems erect, striated, angled, solid, not fistulose, 0.5–1 dm, tomentose to floccose.

caudex spreading;

aerial flowering stems spreading to erect or nearly so, slender, solid, not fistulose, arising at nodes of caudex branches and at distal nodes of short, nonflowering aerial branches, (0.1–)0.5–3(–4) dm, without a whorl of bracts at midlength.

Leaves

basal and cauline;

basal: petiole 0.5–3 cm, mostly floccose, blade oblanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 1–4(–4.5) × (0.2–)0.5–1(–1.3) cm, tomentose abaxially, floccose or glabrate and grayish or greenish adaxially, margins crenulate;

cauline sessile, blade lanceolate to oblong, 0.5–2 × 0.3–0.8 cm, similar to basal blade.

in loose to compact basal rosettes;

petiole 0.1–3(–4) cm, mostly tomentose to floccose or glabrous;

blade oblong-ovate or oblanceolate to elliptic to oval, 0.3–3(–4) × 0.1–2.5 cm, densely lanate to tomentose or floccose abaxially, tomentose to floccose or glabrous adaxially, occasionally glabrous on both surfaces, margins entire, plane or rarely wavy.

Inflorescences

cymose, open, 5–80 × 10–60 cm;

branches striated, angled, sparsely tomentose to glabrate;

bracts 3, scalelike, 1–3 × 1–3 mm.

umbellate or compound-umbellate, rarely subcapitate or capitate, 3–25 × 2–18 cm;

branches tomentose to floccose or glabrous, rarely with whorl of bracts ca. midlength;

bracts 3–several, semileaflike at proximal node, 0.3–2.5 × 0.2–1.8 cm, usually scalelike distally, 1–5 × 0.5–3 mm.

Peduncles

erect, straight, slender, 1–2 cm, sparsely tomentose to glabrous.

Involucres

turbinate-campanulate to campanulate, 1.5–2.5(–3) × 1.5–2.5(–3), sparsely puberulent;

teeth 5, erect, 0.3–0.6 mm.

1 per node, turbinate to campanulate, 1–6 × (1–)1.5–10 mm, tomentose to thinly floccose or glabrous;

teeth 6–12, lobelike, reflexed, 1–4(–6) mm.

Flowers

1.5–1.8 mm;

perianth white to rose, without a conspicuous rose-purple spot on each outer tepal, minutely glandular-puberulent;

tepals dimorphic, those of outer whorl elliptic to obovate, sometimes inflated proximally, those of inner whorl narrowly spatulate;

stamens exserted, 2–3 mm;

filaments pilose proximally.

2–10(–12) mm, including (0.7–)1.3–2 mm stipelike base;

perianth various shades of white, yellow, or red, glabrous;

tepals monomorphic, usually spatulate to obovate;

stamens exserted, 2–8 mm;

filaments pilose proximally.

Achenes

light brown to brown, 3-gonous, 1–1.5 mm, glabrous.

light brown to brown, 2–7 mm, glabrous except for sparsely pubescent beak.

Eriogonum angulosum

Eriogonum umbellatum

Phenology Flowering year-round.
Habitat Clayey flats and slopes, mixed grassland, saltbush, and chaparral communities, oak and conifer woodlands
Elevation 0-800 m (0-2600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The name Eriogonum angulosum has been applied to all of the members of its species complex except E. gossypinum. Since the 1950s, the name consistently has been applied to plants with long, exserted stamens and strongly angled stems of the Inner Coast Ranges (Alameda and Contra Costa counties south), the western foothills of the southern Sierra Nevada (Tulare County south), and the Central Valley (San Joaquin County south). The southern edge of the range is the northern foothills of the Transverse Ranges (Ventura and Los Angeles counties). The species can be common and occasionally abundant but rarely is weedy. A mixed collection (with E. gracillimum) from Barstow, San Bernardino County (K. Brandegee s.n., May 1913, UC), and two sheets of the species from San Diego gathered by Susan Stokes apparently in 1895 (B, SD) are discounted as to location.

In late fruit, the bractlets at the base of the pedicel inside the involucres of Eriogonum angulosum often elongate and broaden into oblanceolate segments that fill the involucre. As a result, the involucre appears to have several rows of teeth. This feature may be seen also in E. viridescens, but typically the involucres there appear to have only two or three rows of teeth. This feature is seen rarely in E. maculatum.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 41 (41 in the flora).

Eriogonum umbellatum is a widespread and exceedingly variable species rivaling Astragalus lentiginosus Douglas ex Hooker in complexity. Only the variety majus is sometimes recognized at the species rank (as E. subalpinum).

In the following key and descriptions, reference is made to “glabrous” leaf surfaces. This is a function of both age and power of observation. High-power magnification may show some exceedingly fine hairs that are not readily observable to the naked eye. Furthermore, new leaves that ultimately will be “glabrous” will have some fine-tomentose pubescence that becomes less obvious (or even wholly inconspicuous) as the blade expands and matures. Here, the term “glabrous” is used to refer to leaves that are not obviously hairy and are typically bright green on both surfaces when the plant is at full anthesis.

There are several reported uses of sulphur flower in the enthobotany literature, mostly without an indication of the variety. J. B. Romero (1954) indicated that in California, where most of the variants are found, an infusion of the flowers is used for ptomaine poisoning, and M. L. Zigmond (1981) stated that the Kawaiisu used mashed flowers as a salve for gonorrheal sores. E. V. A. Murphey (1959), who worked with P. Train et al. (1941), reported that in Nevada members of the species (most likely var. nevadense) were used in the treatment of colds and stomachaches; J. H. Steward (1933) reported the same uses among the Owens Valley Piute in California. Train and his group noted that poultices of leaves and sometimes roots were used for lameness or rheumatism. In Oregon, leaves of var. ellipticum were used in a poultice to soothe pain, especially that resulting from burns (F. V. Coville 1897; L. Spier 1930). Most of the reports associated with the Navajo or Diné people probably relate to the use of var. subaridum. L. C. Wyman and S. K. Harris (1951) found the species used as a disinfectant or an emetic. The Cheyenne people employed a mixture of powdered stems and flowers to halt lengthy menses (G. B. Grinnell 1923; J. A. Hart 1981). According to A. Johnston (1987), the Blackfoot made a tea from boiled leaves.

The cythera metalmark butterfly (Apodemia mormo cythera) is found in association with a few varieties of sulphur flower (G. F. Pratt and G. R. Ballmer 1991). More commonly seen with the species are the Rocky Mountain dotted-blue (Euphilotes ancilla) and lupine blue (Plebeius lupini).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Inflorescences compound-umbellate, or with at least some branches seemingly with whorl of bracts about midlength
→ 2
1. Inflorescences umbellate, not compound-umbellate or with any branches seemingly with whorl of bracts about midlength
→ 22
2. Inflorescence branches with a whorl of bracts at midlength (see also E. umbellatum var. polyanthum)
→ 3
2. Inflorescence branches without a whorl of bracts at midlength, bracts restricted to base of inflorescence or involucres
→ 4
3. Perianths bright yellow; flowers 7-10 mm; Sierra Nevada, c California
var. torreyanum
3. Perianths cream or whitish; flowers 4-7 mm; Warner Mountains, se Oregon and ne California
var. glaberrimum
4. Flowers 7-10(-12) mm; shrubs 5-15(-20) × 5-20 dm; inflorescences branched 2-4 times; Humboldt and Trinity counties, California
var. speciosum
4. Flowers 3-8 mm; matted herbs or subshrubs, or, if shrubby, inflorescences branched 4 or more times, or not of Humboldt and Trinity counties, California
→ 5
5. Perianths cream, whitish, or pale yellow to greenish yellow, becoming reddish brown to rose or pink
→ 6
5. Perianths bright yellow, not becoming reddish brown to rose or pink
→ 7
6. Perianths yellow, becoming reddish brown to rose or pink, with large reddish spot on each midrib; plants spreading to somewhat prostrate mats; se California, s Nevada
var. versicolor
6. Perianths cream, whitish, or pale yellow to greenish yellow, without large reddish spot on midrib; plants subshrubs or shrubs; nc Arizona, se California, s Nevada, s Utah
var. juniporinum
7. Leaf blades thinly floccose, glabrous, or densely lanate to tomentose on both surfaces at anthesis (see also E. umbellatum var. munzii, s California)
→ 8
7. Leaf blades thinly to densely tomentose or lanate abaxially, less so to floccose, nearly glabrous, or glabrous adaxially (rarely both surfaces tomentose in E. umbellatum var. munzii, s California)
→ 13
8. Leaf blades densely lanate on both surfaces; wc California
var. bahiiforme
8. Leaf blades lanate to tomentose abaxially, tomentose to densely floccose adaxially, sometimes thinly floccose or glabrous on both surfaces; nw or ec California, Intermountain West, or Pacific Northwest.
→ 9
9. Leaf blades lanate to tomentose abaxially, thinly tomentose to floccose and greenish adaxially; nw California
→ 10
9. Leaf blades usually thinly floccose or glabrous on both surfaces; not of nw California
→ 11
10. Leaf blades 0.3-0.7 cm wide; involucral lobes 1-3 mm; plants of serpentine soils; Glenn, Lake, Mendocino, Sonoma, Tehama, and Trinity counties, California
var. smallianum
10. Leaf blades (0.5-)0.8-1.8(-2) cm wide; involucral lobes (3-)4-6 mm; plants of nonserpentine soils; Siskiyou County,California
var. lautum
11. Leaf blades thinly floccose on both surfaces, or glabrous and green adaxially (rarely glabrous on both surfaces in s Utah, or tomentose abaxially in se Utah); e and s California to sw Colorado and ne Arizona
var. subaridum
11. Leaf blades glabrous on both surfaces; e Idaho, ne Oregon, se Washington, and ec California
→ 12
12. Herbs; leaf blades broadly elliptic, 1-1.5 cm wide; e Idaho, ne Oregon, and se Washington
var. devestivum
12. Subshrubs or shrubs; leaf blades oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 0.3-1 cm wide; s Mono, Inyo, and ne Tulare counties, California
var. chlorothamnus
13. Plants densely branched, shrubs; w foothills, Sierra Nevada, n California
→ 14
13. Plants usually matted herbs or more openly and sparsely branched subshrubs or shrubs; mountains, Sierra Nevada, c and n California, wc Nevada, or Siskiyou and Trinity mountains, nw California (but not on the western foothills), sw Oregon, n Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, or Washington
→ 15
14. Leaf blades white-tomentose abaxially; inflorescences branched 1-2(-3) times, branches thinly floccose or glabrous, central branch sometimes seemingly with a whorl of bracts ca. midlength; Butte, Plumas, and Sierra counties
var. polyanthum
14. Leaf blades rusty-lanate to tomentose abaxially; inflorescences branched 3-4 time, branches tomentose to floccose, central branch without a whorl of bracts ca. midlength; Butte County
var. ahartii
15. Flowering stems mostly sparsely floccose or glabrous.
→ 16
15. Flowering stems usually tomentose or floccose, rarely nearly glabrous at maturity
→ 18
16. Leaf blades usually narrowly elliptic, 0.3-1(-1.3) cm wide; plants subshrubs or spreading mats; California, Nevada, Oregon
→ 17
16. Leaf blades oblong-ovate to elliptic or oval, 1-1.5(-2) cm wide; plants compact mats; n Arizona
var. cognatum
17. Leaf margins plane; flowering stems without a single leaflike bract ca. midlength; Sierra Nevada, e California, wc Nevada
var. furcosum
17. Leaf margins often finely wavy; flowering stems often with a single leaflike bract ca. midlength; Siskiyou and Trinity mountains, nw California, sw Oregon
var. argus
18. Leaf blades usually broadly elliptic to oval
→ 19
18. Leaf blades elliptic
→ 20
19. Leaf blades gray abaxially; c Colorado
var. ramulosum
19. Leaf blades white abaxially; n California
var. lautum
20. Leaf blades 1-1.5 cm wide, usually glabrous adaxially; Idaho, w Montana, Oregon, and e Washington
var. ellipticum
20. Leaf blades 0.3-1 cm wide, usually floccose adaxially; California
→ 21
21. Leaf blades 0.3-0.7 cm wide; nw California
var. smallianum
21. Leaf blades 0.5-1 cm wide; s California
var. munzii
22. Perianths usually whitish or cream to red, occasionally yellow
→ 23
22. Perianths bright yellow (pale yellow in some individuals of var. vernum in Nevada)
→ 27
23. Leaf blades densely lanate on both surfaces; perianths lemon yellow to yellowish red; San Gabriel and San Bernardino mountains, e Los Angeles and w San Bernardino counties, California
var. minus
23. Leaf blades tomentose to floccose or glabrous adaxially, sometimes glabrous on both surfaces at full anthesis; perianths not lemon yellow or yellowish red; not of e Los Angeles or w San Bernardino counties, California
→ 24
24. Leaf blades glabrous on both surfaces; s Idaho and sw Montana to w Wyoming, ne Nevada, and n Utah
var. desereticum
24. Leaf blades densely floccose to tomentose or lanate at least abaxially at full anthesis; widespread.
→ 25
25. Leaf blades densely lanate abaxially, glabrous and olive green to bright green adaxially; plants compact mats; perianths cream; Rocky Mountains to Cascade Range
var. majus
25. Leaf blades densely floccose to tomentose abaxially, less so or glabrous and green adaxially; plants spreading mats, rarely compact; perianths pale yellow to cream or whitish, rarely greenish white or yellow, becoming reddish brown to rose or pink, with large reddish spots on each midrib; Rocky Mountains to Sierra Nevada.
E. umbellatumvar. dichrocephalum
26. Perianths pale yellow to cream or whitish, rarely greenish white; leaf blades usually greenish adaxially; se Oregon and e California to w Montana, s Idaho, w Wyoming, c Nevada, and n Utah
var. dichrocephalum
26. Perianths yellow, becoming reddish brown to rose or pink, with large reddish spot on each midrib; leaf blades usually reddish adaxially; se California, s Nevada
var. versicolor
27. Umbels with branches usually longer than 2.5 cm.
→ 28
27. Umbels with branches usually shorter than 2.5 cm (immature specimens should be keyed through the opposing couplet as well)
→ 36
28. Leaf blades glabrous on both surfaces at full anthesis, occasionally with some individual blades thinly floccose abaxially
var. aureum
28. Leaf blades at least thinly tomentose or lanate abaxially
→ 29
29. Leaf blades thinly tomentose to thinly floccose on both surfaces, or glabrous adaxially
→ 30
29. Leaf blades densely white-lanate or tomentose abaxially, less so to floccose or glabrous adaxially
→ 33
30. Plants matted herbs
→ 31
30. Plants subshrubs or shrubs
→ 32
31. Leaf blades broadly elliptic to ovate, (0.8-)2-3(-3.5) × (0.7-)1-2(-2.5) cm; s Idaho, ne Nevada, wc Wyoming
var. stragulum
31. Leaf blades narrowly elliptic, 0.7-2.5 × 0.3-1 cm; nw Arizona
var. mohavense
32. Flowers 4-7 mm; Cali-fornia, n Nevada, se Oregon
var. nevadense
32. Flowers (5-)6-10 mm; n Nye County, Nevada
var. vernum
33. Subshrubs 3-5 dm; non-serpentine soils; n California and sc Oregon
var. dumosum
33. Herbs (0.7-)1-4.5(-5) dm; Rocky Mountains or, if in California and Oregon, often on serpentine soils
→ 34
34. Plants usually compact mats; nonserpentine soils; Rocky Mountains, sw Montana and e Idaho to Colorado, s and w Wyo-ming, and n Utah
var. umbellatum
34. Plants spreading to prostrate mats; often on serpentine soils; n California and sw Oregon.
→ 35
35. Flowering stems 1-2.5(-4) dm; leaf blades 0.5-2(-3.5) cm; flowers 6-8(-9) mm; 400-1700(-2100) m
var. goodmanii
35. Flowering stems 0.5-1.5 dm; leaf blades 0.5-1(-1.5) cm; flowers 3-6 mm; 1700-2800 m
var. humistratum
36. Plants prostrate, mostly in montane to subalpine or alpine communities.
→ 37
36. Plants erect to slightly spreading, not prostrate, usually not in subalpine or alpine communities
→ 39
37. Leaf blades glabrous on both surfaces at full anthesis
var. porteri
37. Leaf blades tomentose at least abaxially at full anthesis
→ 38
38. Leaf blades narrowly elliptic, 0.3-0.6(-1) × 0.2-0.4(-0.6) cm, tomentose abaxially, slightly less so and greenish adaxially; s Sierra Nevada and White Mountains, Mono, Inyo, and Tulare counties, California
var. covillei
38. Leaf blades broadly elliptic, 0.5-1.5(-2.5) × 0.5-1.2(-1.5) cm, tomentose or glabrous and olive green adaxially; n Cascade Range, Benton, Clackamas, Hood River, and Wasco counties, Oregon, and Kittitas and Yakima counties, Washington
var. haussknechtii
39. Leaf blades glabrous on both surfaces, sometimes with marginal hairs at full anthesis
→ 40
39. Leaf blades lanate to tomentose or floccose at least abaxially at full anthesis.
→ 41
40. Leaf blades without marginal hairs; se Oregon, Idaho, and Nevada to w Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah
var. aureum
40. Leaf blades with marginal hairs; Cascade Range, Washington
var. hypoleium
41. Leaf blades thinly tomentose abaxially, less so to floccose or glabrous and green adaxially; Sierra Nevada and Great Basin ranges
var. nevadense
41. Leaf blades densely lanate to tomentose abaxially; widespread, generally not in Great Basin ranges.
→ 42
42. Mature leaf blades lanate to tomentose on both surfaces; Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming
var. cladophorum
42. Mature leaf blades densely lanate or tomentose abaxially, less so to floccose or glabrous and greenish adaxially; w United States
→ 43
43. Larger leaf blades usually 0.3-1.5(-2) cm, usually elliptic to oblong; plants subshrubs or herbs
→ 44
43. Larger leaf blades 1-3(-3.5) cm, elliptic to ovate; plants subshrubs, or compact or spreading mats
→ 45
44. Leaf blades usually elliptic; non-serpentine soils; ne California, se Oregon, sw Idaho, n Nevada
var. modocense
44. Leaf blades elliptic to oblong; serpentine outcrops; nw California 107aa. Eriogonum umbellatum var. nelsoniorum
→ 43
45. Plants subshrubs; n Cascade Range, Washington
var. sandbergii
45. Plants compact or spreading mats; Rocky Mountains, Sierra Nevada, Transverse, and Argus ranges, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Utah, and Wyoming
→ 46
46. Leaf blades elliptic to ovate, densely white-lanate abaxially; Rocky Mountains, sw Montana and e Idaho to s Colorado, w and s Wyoming, and s Utah
var. umbellatum
46. Leaf blades elliptic, densely grayish-lanate abaxially; s Sierra Nevada, Transverse Ranges, and Argus Range, California
var. canifolium
Source FNA vol. 5, p. 411. FNA vol. 5, p. 335.
Parent taxa Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Eriogonum > subg. Ganysma Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Eriogonum > subg. Oligogonum
Sibling taxa
E. abertianum, E. acaule, E. alatum, E. aliquantum, E. allenii, E. alpinum, E. ammophilum, E. ampullaceum, E. androsaceum, E. anemophilum, E. annuum, E. apiculatum, E. apricum, E. arborescens, E. arcuatum, E. aretioides, E. argillosum, E. argophyllum, E. arizonicum, E. artificis, E. atrorubens, E. baileyi, E. batemanii, E. bicolor, E. bifurcatum, E. brachyanthum, E. brachypodum, E. brandegeei, E. breedlovei, E. brevicaule, E. butterworthianum, E. caespitosum, E. capillare, E. cernuum, E. chrysops, E. cinereum, E. cithariforme, E. clavatum, E. clavellatum, E. codium, E. collinum, E. coloradense, E. compositum, E. concinnum, E. congdonii, E. contiguum, E. contortum, E. correllii, E. corymbosum, E. covilleanum, E. crocatum, E. cronquistii, E. crosbyae, E. cusickii, E. darrovii, E. dasyanthemum, E. davidsonii, E. deflexum, E. deserticola, E. desertorum, E. diatomaceum, E. diclinum, E. divaricatum, E. douglasii, E. eastwoodianum, E. effusum, E. elatum, E. elegans, E. elongatum, E. ephedroides, E. eremicola, E. eremicum, E. ericifolium, E. esmeraldense, E. evanidum, E. exaltatum, E. exilifolium, E. fasciculatum, E. flavum, E. fusiforme, E. giganteum, E. gilmanii, E. glandulosum, E. gordonii, E. gossypinum, E. gracile, E. gracilipes, E. gracillimum, E. grande, E. greggii, E. gypsophilum, E. havardii, E. heermannii, E. helichrysoides, E. hemipterum, E. heracleoides, E. hieracifolium, E. hirtellum, E. hirtiflorum, E. hoffmannii, E. holmgrenii, E. hookeri, E. howellianum, E. hylophilum, E. incanum, E. inerme, E. inflatum, E. intrafractum, E. jamesii, E. jonesii, E. kelloggii, E. kennedyi, E. kingii, E. lachnogynum, E. lancifolium, E. latens, E. latifolium, E. lemmonii, E. leptocladon, E. leptophyllum, E. libertini, E. lobbii, E. loganum, E. lonchophyllum, E. longifolium, E. luteolum, E. maculatum, E. mancum, E. marifolium, E. mensicola, E. microthecum, E. mitophyllum, E. mohavense, E. molestum, E. mortonianum, E. multiflorum, E. natum, E. nealleyi, E. nervulosum, E. nidularium, E. niveum, E. nortonii, E. novonudum, E. nudum, E. nummulare, E. nutans, E. ochrocephalum, E. ordii, E. ostlundii, E. ovalifolium, E. palmerianum, E. panamintense, E. panguicense, E. parishii, E. parvifolium, E. pauciflorum, E. pelinophilum, E. pendulum, E. pharnaceoides, E. plumatella, E. polycladon, E. polypodum, E. prattenianum, E. prociduum, E. pulchrum, E. pusillum, E. pyrolifolium, E. racemosum, E. reniforme, E. ripleyi, E. rixfordii, E. robustum, E. rosense, E. roseum, E. rotundifolium, E. rubricaule, E. rupinum, E. salicornioides, E. saxatile, E. scabrellum, E. scopulorum, E. shockleyi, E. siskiyouense, E. smithii, E. soliceps, E. soredium, E. spathulatum, E. spectabile, E. spergulinum, E. sphaerocephalum, E. strictum, E. subreniforme, E. suffruticosum, E. temblorense, E. tenellum, E. ternatum, E. terrenatum, E. thomasii, E. thompsoniae, E. thornei, E. thurberi, E. thymoides, E. tiehmii, E. tomentosum, E. trichopes, E. tripodum, E. truncatum, E. tumulosum, E. twisselmannii, E. umbellatum, E. ursinum, E. vestitum, E. villiflorum, E. vimineum, E. viridescens, E. viridulum, E. viscidulum, E. visheri, E. watsonii, E. wetherillii, E. wootonii, E. wrightii, E. zionis
E. abertianum, E. acaule, E. alatum, E. aliquantum, E. allenii, E. alpinum, E. ammophilum, E. ampullaceum, E. androsaceum, E. anemophilum, E. angulosum, E. annuum, E. apiculatum, E. apricum, E. arborescens, E. arcuatum, E. aretioides, E. argillosum, E. argophyllum, E. arizonicum, E. artificis, E. atrorubens, E. baileyi, E. batemanii, E. bicolor, E. bifurcatum, E. brachyanthum, E. brachypodum, E. brandegeei, E. breedlovei, E. brevicaule, E. butterworthianum, E. caespitosum, E. capillare, E. cernuum, E. chrysops, E. cinereum, E. cithariforme, E. clavatum, E. clavellatum, E. codium, E. collinum, E. coloradense, E. compositum, E. concinnum, E. congdonii, E. contiguum, E. contortum, E. correllii, E. corymbosum, E. covilleanum, E. crocatum, E. cronquistii, E. crosbyae, E. cusickii, E. darrovii, E. dasyanthemum, E. davidsonii, E. deflexum, E. deserticola, E. desertorum, E. diatomaceum, E. diclinum, E. divaricatum, E. douglasii, E. eastwoodianum, E. effusum, E. elatum, E. elegans, E. elongatum, E. ephedroides, E. eremicola, E. eremicum, E. ericifolium, E. esmeraldense, E. evanidum, E. exaltatum, E. exilifolium, E. fasciculatum, E. flavum, E. fusiforme, E. giganteum, E. gilmanii, E. glandulosum, E. gordonii, E. gossypinum, E. gracile, E. gracilipes, E. gracillimum, E. grande, E. greggii, E. gypsophilum, E. havardii, E. heermannii, E. helichrysoides, E. hemipterum, E. heracleoides, E. hieracifolium, E. hirtellum, E. hirtiflorum, E. hoffmannii, E. holmgrenii, E. hookeri, E. howellianum, E. hylophilum, E. incanum, E. inerme, E. inflatum, E. intrafractum, E. jamesii, E. jonesii, E. kelloggii, E. kennedyi, E. kingii, E. lachnogynum, E. lancifolium, E. latens, E. latifolium, E. lemmonii, E. leptocladon, E. leptophyllum, E. libertini, E. lobbii, E. loganum, E. lonchophyllum, E. longifolium, E. luteolum, E. maculatum, E. mancum, E. marifolium, E. mensicola, E. microthecum, E. mitophyllum, E. mohavense, E. molestum, E. mortonianum, E. multiflorum, E. natum, E. nealleyi, E. nervulosum, E. nidularium, E. niveum, E. nortonii, E. novonudum, E. nudum, E. nummulare, E. nutans, E. ochrocephalum, E. ordii, E. ostlundii, E. ovalifolium, E. palmerianum, E. panamintense, E. panguicense, E. parishii, E. parvifolium, E. pauciflorum, E. pelinophilum, E. pendulum, E. pharnaceoides, E. plumatella, E. polycladon, E. polypodum, E. prattenianum, E. prociduum, E. pulchrum, E. pusillum, E. pyrolifolium, E. racemosum, E. reniforme, E. ripleyi, E. rixfordii, E. robustum, E. rosense, E. roseum, E. rotundifolium, E. rubricaule, E. rupinum, E. salicornioides, E. saxatile, E. scabrellum, E. scopulorum, E. shockleyi, E. siskiyouense, E. smithii, E. soliceps, E. soredium, E. spathulatum, E. spectabile, E. spergulinum, E. sphaerocephalum, E. strictum, E. subreniforme, E. suffruticosum, E. temblorense, E. tenellum, E. ternatum, E. terrenatum, E. thomasii, E. thompsoniae, E. thornei, E. thurberi, E. thymoides, E. tiehmii, E. tomentosum, E. trichopes, E. tripodum, E. truncatum, E. tumulosum, E. twisselmannii, E. ursinum, E. vestitum, E. villiflorum, E. vimineum, E. viridescens, E. viridulum, E. viscidulum, E. visheri, E. watsonii, E. wetherillii, E. wootonii, E. wrightii, E. zionis
Subordinate taxa
E. umbellatum var. ahartii, E. umbellatum var. argus, E. umbellatum var. aureum, E. umbellatum var. bahiiforme, E. umbellatum var. canifolium, E. umbellatum var. chlorothamnus, E. umbellatum var. cladophorum, E. umbellatum var. cognatum, E. umbellatum var. covillei, E. umbellatum var. desereticum, E. umbellatum var. devestivum, E. umbellatum var. dichrocephalum, E. umbellatum var. dumosum, E. umbellatum var. ellipticum, E. umbellatum var. furcosum, E. umbellatum var. glaberrimum, E. umbellatum var. goodmanii, E. umbellatum var. haussknechtii, E. umbellatum var. humistratum, E. umbellatum var. hypoleium, E. umbellatum var. juniporinum, E. umbellatum var. lautum, E. umbellatum var. majus, E. umbellatum var. minus, E. umbellatum var. modocense, E. umbellatum var. mohavense, E. umbellatum var. munzii, E. umbellatum var. nevadense, E. umbellatum var. polyanthum, E. umbellatum var. porteri, E. umbellatum var. ramulosum, E. umbellatum var. sandbergii, E. umbellatum var. smallianum, E. umbellatum var. speciosum, E. umbellatum var. stragulum, E. umbellatum var. subaridum, E. umbellatum var. torreyanum, E. umbellatum var. umbellatum, E. umbellatum var. vernum, E. umbellatum var. versicolor, E. umbellatumvar. dichrocephalum
Name authority Bentham: Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 406, plate 18, fig. 1. (1836) Torrey: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 2: 241. (1827)
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