Eriochloa villosa |
Eriochloa contracta |
|
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hairy cup grass, ériochloé velue |
dense cupgrass, prairie cup grass |
|
Habit | Plants annual. | Plants annual; cespitose. |
Culms | 30-100 cm, erect or decumbent, sometimes rooting at the lower nodes; nodes and internodes pubescent. |
20-100 cm, erect or decumbent, sometimes rooting at the lower nodes; internodes pilose or pubescent; nodes pubescent to puberulent. |
Sheaths | sometimes inflated, glabrous or pubescent; ligules 0.5-1 mm; blades 10-20 cm long, 5-12 mm wide, flat, adaxial surfaces hairy. |
sparsely to densely pubescent; ligules 0.4-1.1 mm; blades 6-12(22) cm long, 2-8 mm wide, linear, flat to conduplicate, straight, appressed to divergent, both surfaces sparsely to densely pubescent with short, evenly spaced hairs. |
Panicles | 3-16 cm long, 1-3 cm wide; rachises villous; branches 2-8, 20-70 mm long, 0.8-1.1 mm wide, velutinous, sometimes winged, with 11-24 solitary spikelets (occasionally paired proximally); pedicels 0.5-1 mm, densely villous below, often with long hairs intermixed with the short hairs, apices with more than 12 hairs of 1.5-2.5 mm. |
6-20 cm long, 0.3-1.2 cm wide; rachises pilose, longer hairs 0.1-0.8 mm; branches 10-20(28), 15-45(60) mm long, 0.2-0.4 mm wide, appressed, pubescent to setose, not winged, with 8-16 mostly solitary spikelets, occasionally paired at the base of the branches; pedicels 0.2-1 mm, variously hirsute below, apices with fewer than 10 hairs more than 0.5 mm long. |
Spikelets | 3.9-5.2 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, ovate to elliptic. |
(3.1)3.5-4.5(5) mm long, 1.2-1.7 mm wide, lanceolate. |
Lower glumes | occasionally present as a scale; upper glumes equaling the lower lemmas, ovate to elliptic, glabrous or pubescent, 7-veined; lower lemmas 3.4-5 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, 5-veined, acute to apiculate, unawned; lower paleas absent; anthers absent; upper lemmas 3.5-5 mm, ovate to elliptic, acute to apiculate. |
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Upper glumes | as long as the lower lemmas, with sparsely appressed pubescence on the lower 2/3, scabrous or glabrous distally, 3-9-veined, acuminate and awned, awns 0.4-1 mm; lower florets sterile; lower lemmas 3-4.3 mm long, 1.2-1.7 mm wide, lanceolate, setose, 3-7-veined, acuminate, unawned or mucronate; lower paleas absent; upper lemmas 2-2.5 mm, indurate, elliptic, 5-7-veined, acute to rounded and awned, awns 0.4-1.1 mm; upper paleas indurate, faintly rugose, blunt. |
|
2n | = 54. |
= 36. |
Eriochloa villosa |
Eriochloa contracta |
|
Distribution |
CA; CO; FL; IA; IL; KS; MN; MO; MS; NE; OR; PA; VA; WI
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AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DC; FL; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MN; MO; MS; NE; NM; NV; OH; OK; SC; TN; TX; UT; VA; ON
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Discussion | Eriochloa villosa is a weedy species of eastern Asia that has been found at scattered locations in the Flora region. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Eriochloa contracta grows in fields, ditches, and other disturbed areas. It is known only from the United States, being native and common in the central United States, and adventive to the east and southwest. It differs from E. acuminata in its tightly contracted, almost cylindrical panicles and longer lemma awns, but intermediate forms can be found. It can also be confused with first-year plants of the perennial E. punctata, which have glabrous leaves, narrower and more tapering spikelets, and longer lemma awns. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 509. | FNA vol. 25, p. 509. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Eriochloa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Eriochloa |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Paspalum villosum | |
Name authority | (Thunb.) Kunth | Hitchc. |
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