Erigeron karvinskianus |
Erigeron grandiflorus |
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erigeron karvinskianus, Karwinsky's fleabane, Latin American fleabane, Mexican fleabane, Santa Barbara daisy, Spanish daisy |
large-flower daisy, large-flower fleabane, onestem fleabane, Rocky Mountain alpine fleabane |
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Habit | Perennials, often short-lived, 10–100 cm; fibrous- or taprooted, caudices woody, usually simple, stems sometimes rooting adventitiously. | Perennials, 2–25 cm; rhizomatous, fibrous-rooted, caudices or rhizomes crownlike or branches relatively short and thick. |
Stems | erect to sprawling or decumbent (small leaf tufts in axils of larger leaves), sparsely strigose to glabrate, eglandular. |
erect to decumbent-ascending, sparsely to moderately pilose to villoso-hirsute, often stipitate-glandular over all or part. |
Leaves | basal (and proximal cauline withering by flowering) and cauline; cauline blades elliptic to obovate, mostly 10–40(–50) × 5–13 mm, usually relatively even-sized along stems, margins entire or with 1–2 distal pairs of acute, mucronulate teeth or lobes, faces sparsely and loosely strigose to hirsuto-villous, eglandular. |
basal (persistent) and cauline (petioles equaling or shorter than blades); blades oblanceolate to obovate or spatulate, 10–60(–90) × 3–8(–14) mm, cauline abruptly or gradually reduced distally, margins entire (apices rounded), faces sparsely hirsutulous or villous to sparsely strigose or glabrate, sometimes sparsely glandular. |
Involucres | 2.5–3.5 × 7–10 mm. |
5–8(–10) × 8–20 mm. |
Ray florets | 45–80; corollas 5–8 mm, laminae not or slightly coiling, white, sometimes drying pinkish. |
50–130; corollas blue to pink or purplish, rarely white, 7–11(–15) mm (mostly 1–2 mm wide), laminae coiling. |
Disc corollas | 2–3.1 mm. |
2.4–4(–5) mm. |
Phyllaries | in 3–4 series, sparsely strigose to hirsuto-villous or glabrate, sometimes minutely glandular. |
in 2–3 series (green or purplish), moderately to densely woolly-villous (hairs flattened, cross walls sometimes reddish), minutely glandular at least apically. |
Heads | 1–5 (usually from branches distal to midstem). |
1. |
Cypselae | 1–1.4 mm, 2-nerved, faces sparsely strigose; pappi: outer of setae, inner of 15–27 bristles. |
1.8–2.4 mm, 2-nerved, faces strigose; pappi: outer of setae, inner of (7–)10–18(–22) bristles. |
2n | = 18, 27, 36 (from Mexico, Central America, South America). |
= 18, 27. |
Erigeron karvinskianus |
Erigeron grandiflorus |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Aug. | Flowering Jul–Aug(–Sep). |
Habitat | Moist, disturbed sites, shaded rock walls, cement cracks | Rocky sites, meadows, alpine or near timberline |
Elevation | 300–1100 m (1000–3600 ft) | 2900–4200 m (9500–13800 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; Mexico; Central America [Introduced in North America; introduced in West Indies, South America, Europe, Africa, Pacific Islands, Australia]
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AZ; CO; ID; MT; NM; OR; UT; WY; AB; BC
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Discussion | Erigeron karvinskianus is most abundant in tropical and subtropical regions; it is widely cultivated and escaped. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
S. A. Spongberg (1971) recognized only the triploid populations as Erigeron grandiflorus and assigned the diploid ones to E. simplex. He hypothesized that the triploids incorporate genomic elements from an ancestor other than E. simplex. Based on his comments and annotations, however, triploids in southern Canada and the western United States apparently differ from the much more widespread diploids only quantitatively, having involucres and florets at the higher end of size ranges. Morphologic distinctions between the ploidal races do not provide a basis for consistent distinction. Spongberg (p. 200) also noted that “because of the intergrading of morphologic features of plants of Erigeron grandiflorus...the single most important criterion indicative of this taxon is highly irregular [in shape] and greatly abortive pollen.” These pollen features result from meiotic anomalies associated with the triploid condition. Specimen citations by A. Cronquist (1947) for Erigeron grandiflorus were mostly from collections of the species treated here as E. porsildii. He also cited two collections from southwestern Alberta; those and the type collection of E. grandiflorus (from the same region) are disjunct by more than 1500 kilometers from the more northern range of E. porsildii and instead lie at the northern extremity of the range of what previously has generally been identified as E. simplex. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 337. | FNA vol. 20, p. 324. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Erigeron | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Erigeron |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | E. mucronatus | E. simplex |
Name authority | de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 5: 285. (1836) | Hooker: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 18, plate 123. (1834) |
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