Flora of North America species comparison

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Eremogone eastwoodiae

Eremogone congesta

Eastwood's sandwort

ball-head sandwort, capitate sandwort
Habit Plants densely matted, green, not glaucous, with woody base. Plants tufted or sometimes matted, green, not glaucous, with woody base.
Stems

erect, (8–)10–25 cm, glabrous or stipitate-glandular.

± erect, 3–40(–50) cm, glabrous or often stipitate-glandular.
Leaves

basal leaves persistent;

cauline leaves usually in 2–4 pairs, reduced distally;

basal blades spreading to recurved, needlelike, 1–3(–3.5) cm × 0.5–0.7 mm, flexuous to rigid, herbaceous, apex spinose, glabrous to puberulent, not glaucous.

basal leaves persistent or not;

cauline leaves in 3–5 pairs, similar, but reduced distally;

basal blades erect-ascending to arcuate-spreading, subulate or needlelike to filiform, (0.8–)2–11(–14) cm × 0.4–2 mm, flexuous or rigid, herbaceous to ± fleshy, apex obtuse to sharply acute or spinose, glabrous, sometimes glaucous.
Inflorescences

(1–)3–17-flowered, ± open cymes.

3–50+-flowered, congested and capitate or sometimes open, umbellate cymes.
Pedicels

3–30 mm, glabrous or stipitate-glandular.

0.1–7(–15) mm or ± absent, usually glabrous, rarely stipitate-glandular.
Flowers

sepals green or purplish, 1–3-veined, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, (3.5–)4–6.5 mm, not enlarging in fruit, margins broad, apex narrowly acute to acuminate, glabrous or stipitate-glandular;

petals yellowish white or sometimes brownish to reddish pink, broadly oblong-elliptic to oblanceolate, 4–6.5 mm, 0.9–1.1 times as long as sepals, apex rounded;

nectaries narrowly longitudinally rectangular, apically cleft or emarginate, adjacent to filaments opposite sepals, 1–2 mm.

sepals 1–3-veined, sometimes obscurely so, ovate to lanceolate, 3–6.5 mm, not expanding in fruit, margins narrow, apex obtuse or acute to acuminate, rarely spinose, glabrous (or glandular in var. prolifera);

petals white, oblong, 5–8(–10) mm, 1.5–2 times as long as sepals, apex entire to slightly emarginate;

nectaries as lateral and abaxial mound with crescent-shaped groove at base of filaments opposite sepals, 0.3 × 0.15–0.2 mm.
Capsules

4–6 mm, glabrous.

3.5–6 mm, glabrous.
Seeds

brown, ovoid to suborbicular with hilar notch, 1.2–1.7 mm, papillate, subechinate;

tubercles conical.

reddish brown to black, broadly ellipsoid to ovoid, 1.4–3 mm, tuberculate;

tubercles low, rounded, often elongate.

Eremogone eastwoodiae

Eremogone congesta
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CO; NM; UT; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

The Hopi Indians may use Eremogone eastwoodiae as an emetic (B. Maguire 1960).

The nectaries in Eremogone eastwoodiae are different from those of most other species of the genus in North America since they are a separate bilobed structure adjacent to, but not a direct enlargement of, the filament bases opposite the sepals.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 9 (9 in the flora).

Eremogone congesta is highly polymorphic; it has been been divided into 11 varieties (nine recognized here), most of which are distinctive and locally distributed. M. F. Baad (1969) noted two patterns of variation of different origin within E. congesta, but he did not present a revised classification.

While most specimens of the four varieties with dense inflorescences do not exhibit evident pedicels, the occasional plant does bear one or more pedicels to 1–2 mm, sometimes in secondary inflorescences.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Key
1. Stems and pedicels glabrous
var. eastwoodiae
1. Stems and pedicels stipitate-glandular
var. adenophora
1. Pedicels usually 0.1-0.2 mm or ± absent; inflorescences dense, tight cymes
→ 2
1. Pedicels 1-6(-15) mm; inflorescences somewhat to markedly open cymes or umbellate cymes
→ 5
2. Basal leaf blades filiform, 3-14 cm
→ 3
2. Basal leaf blades needlelike, 1-3.5 cm
→ 4
3. Inflorescences capitate, rounded cymes; sepal apices obtuse to rounded
var. congesta
3. Inflorescences capitate, pyramidal cymes; sepal apices narrowly acute to acuminate
var. cephaloidea
4. Sepals 5-6.5 mm, apex acute to acuminate; basal leaf blades herbaceous; California, Nevada
var. simulans
4. Sepals 3.5-4 mm, apex obtuse; basal leaf blades ± succulent; California, Oregon
var. crassula
5. Sepal apices obtuse
→ 6
5. Sepal apices acute to acuminate or spinose
→ 7
6. Inflorescences proliferating, ± loose cymes; bracts often not closely enveloping sepals; Alberta, Saskatchewan, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Utah, Wyoming
var. lithophila
6. Inflorescences umbels, bracts clustered at umbel base; California
var. suffrutescens
7. Basal leaf blades (2-)3-8 cm, filiform; pedicels glabrous or sometimes stipitate-glandular (possible throughout range, true for Nevada populations); Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Washington
var. prolifera
7. Basal leaf blades 0.5-2.5(-3.5) cm, needlelike or filiform; pedicels glabrous; California, Nevada, Utah
→ 8
8. Inflorescences proliferating, ± loose cymes; sepals 3.5-4.5 mm
var. subcongesta
8. Inflorescences capitate and often rounded, to subcongested, proliferating or open cymes; sepals 4.5-6.5 mm
→ 9
9. Sepals 4.5-5.5 mm, weakly to conspicuously 1-3-veined, apex spinose
var. charlestonensis
9. Sepals usually 5.5-6.5 mm, conspicuously 3-veined, apex acute to acuminate
var. simulans
Source FNA vol. 5, p. 63. FNA vol. 5, p. 60.
Parent taxa Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Eremogone Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Alsinoideae > Eremogone
Sibling taxa
E. aberrans, E. aculeata, E. capillaris, E. congesta, E. fendleri, E. ferrisiae, E. franklinii, E. hookeri, E. kingii, E. macradenia, E. pumicola, E. stenomeres, E. ursina
E. aberrans, E. aculeata, E. capillaris, E. eastwoodiae, E. fendleri, E. ferrisiae, E. franklinii, E. hookeri, E. kingii, E. macradenia, E. pumicola, E. stenomeres, E. ursina
Subordinate taxa
E. eastwoodiae var. adenophora, E. eastwoodiae var. eastwoodiae
E. congesta var. cephaloidea, E. congesta var. charlestonensis, E. congesta var. congesta, E. congesta var. crassula, E. congesta var. lithophila, E. congesta var. prolifera, E. congesta var. simulans, E. congesta var. subcongesta, E. congesta var. suffrutescens
Synonyms Arenaria eastwoodiae, Arenaria fendleri var. eastwoodiae Arenaria congesta
Name authority (Rydberg) Ikonnikov: Novosti Syst. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 139. (1973) (Nuttall) Ikonnikov: Novosti Syst. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 139. (1973)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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