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giant helleborine, Mexican love grass, Orcutt's lovegrass

spike lovegrass

Habit Plants annual; cespitose, without innovations. Plants perennial; cespitose, with innovations, without rhizomes.
Culms

10-130 cm, erect, sometimes geniculate, glabrous, sometimes with a ring of glandular depressions below the nodes.

75-100 cm, erect, glabrous.

Sheaths

sometimes with glandular pits, pilose near the apices and on the collars, hairs to 4 mm, papillose-based;

ligules 0.2-0.5 mm, ciliate;

blades 5-25 cm long, 2-7(9) mm wide, flat, abaxial surfaces glabrous, adaxial surfaces scabridulous, occasionally pubescent near the base.

hirtellous on the margins when immature, apices glabrous or hairy shorter than 0.5 mm;

ligules 0.2-0.3 mm;

blades 20-40 cm long, 2-5(6) mm wide, flat to involute, glabrous abaxially, scabrous adaxially.

Panicles

(5)10-40 cm long, (2)4-18 cm wide, ovate, rachises angled and channeled;

primary branches 3-12(15) cm, solitary to whorled, appressed or diverging to 80° from the rachises;

secondary branches somewhat appressed;

pulvini glabrous;

pedicels 1-6(7) mm, almost appressed to narrowly divergent, stiff.

22-40 cm long, 0.3-0.6 cm wide, spikelike, dense;

primary branches shorter than 1.2 cm, closely appressed, spikelet-bearing to the base;

pulvini glabrous;

pedicels 0.1-0.6 mm, mostly appressed, hirtellous.

Spikelets

(4)5-10(11) mm long, 0.7-2.4 mm wide, ovate to linear-lanceolate, gray-green to purplish, with 5-11(15) florets;

disarticulation acropetal.

1.4-2.2 mm long, 0.9-1.2 mm wide, ovate, stramineous to light greenish, with 2-3 florets;

disarticulation basipetal, in the rachilla below the individual florets or at the base of the florets, glumes persistent.

Glumes

subequal, 0.7-2(2.3) mm, ovate to lanceolate, membranous;

lemmas 1.2-2.4 mm, ovate, membranous, glabrous or with a few hairs, gray-green, lateral veins evident, often greenish, apices acute;

paleas 1-2.2 mm, hyaline, keels scabrous, apices obtuse to truncate;

anthers 3, 0.2-0.5 mm, purplish.

elliptic to ovate, hyaline, keels ciliolate;

lower glumes 0.7-1 mm;

upper glumes 0.9-1.3 mm, apices obtuse;

lemmas 1.5-2.1 mm, ovate, membranous to hyaline, apices acute to obtuse;

paleas 1.1-1.6 mm, hyaline, not wider than the lemmas, apices obtuse;

anthers 2, 0.3-0.4 mm, reddish-brown.

Caryopses

0.5-0.8(1) mm, ovoid to rectangular-prismatic, laterally compressed, shallowly to deeply grooved on the adaxial surface, striate, reddish-brown, distal 2/3 opaque.

0.7-1 mm, ellipsoid, somewhat ventrally flattened, smooth to faintly striate, reddish-brown.

2n

= 60.

= 40.

Eragrostis mexicana

Eragrostis spicata

Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; DE; FL; IA; ID; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; ND; NM; NV; OR; SC; TX; UT; WA; WI; BC; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
TX
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Eragrostis mexicana grows along roadsides, near cultivated fields, and in disturbed open areas, at 100-3000 m. It is native to the Americas, its native range extending from the southwestern United States through Mexico, Central and northern South America, to Argentina. Within the Flora region, it has been introduced beyond its native range, often becoming an established part of the flora.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Eragrostis spicata grows in moist areas in prairies, usually in deep, sandy, clay loam soils, at 0-70 m. It is native from southern Texas to Mexico and in Paraguay and Argentina. In North America, it grows with Andropogon, Quercus stellata, Prosopsis glandulosa, and Acacia.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Spikelets ovate to oblong in outline, 1.5-2.4mm wide; lower glumes 1.2-2.3 mm long; sum of the spikelet width and lower glume length 2.7-4.7 mm; culms and sheaths sometimes with glandular depressions
subsp. mexicana
1. Spikelets linear to linear-lanceolate, 0.7-1.4 wide; lower glumes 0.7-1.7 mm long; sum of the spikelet width and lower glume length 1.5-3.1 mm; culms and sheaths without glandular depressions
subsp. virescens
Source FNA vol. 25, p. 78. FNA vol. 25.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Eragrostis Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Eragrostis
Sibling taxa
E. airoides, E. amabilis, E. atrovirens, E. bahiensis, E. barrelieri, E. capillaris, E. cilianensis, E. ciliaris, E. cumingii, E. curtipedicellata, E. curvula, E. cylindriflora, E. echinochloidea, E. elliottii, E. elongata, E. erosa, E. frankii, E. gangetica, E. hirsuta, E. hypnoides, E. intermedia, E. japonica, E. lehmanniana, E. lugens, E. lutescens, E. minor, E. obtusiflora, E. palmeri, E. pectinacea, E. pilosa, E. plana, E. polytricha, E. prolifera, E. refracta, E. reptans, E. scaligera, E. secundiflora, E. sessilispica, E. setifolia, E. silveana, E. spectabilis, E. spicata, E. superba, E. swallenii, E. tef, E. trichodes, E. trichophora, E. unioloides
E. airoides, E. amabilis, E. atrovirens, E. bahiensis, E. barrelieri, E. capillaris, E. cilianensis, E. ciliaris, E. cumingii, E. curtipedicellata, E. curvula, E. cylindriflora, E. echinochloidea, E. elliottii, E. elongata, E. erosa, E. frankii, E. gangetica, E. hirsuta, E. hypnoides, E. intermedia, E. japonica, E. lehmanniana, E. lugens, E. lutescens, E. mexicana, E. minor, E. obtusiflora, E. palmeri, E. pectinacea, E. pilosa, E. plana, E. polytricha, E. prolifera, E. refracta, E. reptans, E. scaligera, E. secundiflora, E. sessilispica, E. setifolia, E. silveana, E. spectabilis, E. superba, E. swallenii, E. tef, E. trichodes, E. trichophora, E. unioloides
Subordinate taxa
E. mexicana subsp. mexicana, E. mexicana subsp. virescens
Name authority (Hornem.) Link Vasey
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