Epilobium leptophyllum |
Epilobium hallianum |
|
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bog willow-herb, linearleaf willowweed, narrow-leaf willowherb, slender leaf willowherb, épilobe leptophylle |
glandular willowherb, Hall's willowherb, Sierra willowherb |
|
Habit | Herbs with threadlike, nearly leafless epigeous stolons terminating in compact, fleshy turions 3–8 × 2–4 mm. | Herbs with small, 3–6 mm, round or oblong, compact turions 1–5 cm below ground. |
Stems | erect, simple to loosely clustered, terete, 15–95 cm, simple to well branched, densely strigillose, often mixed glandular puberulent on inflorescence, rarely with faint strigillose lines decurrent from margins of petioles. |
strict, erect, terete, 2–50(–60) cm, rarely branched only in larger plants, subglabrous proximal to inflorescence except for raised strigillose lines decurrent from margins of petioles, or sometimes ± densely long-villous throughout with inconspicuous decurrent lines. |
Leaves | opposite proximally, usually alternate, rarely fasciculate distally, subsessile; blade linear to very narrowly elliptic or sublanceolate, 2–7.5 × 0.1–0.7 cm, usually longer than internodes, base rounded to subcuneate, margins subentire, 4–7 inconspicuous teeth per side, sometimes revolute, lateral veins inconspicuous, apex obtuse proximally to acute distally, both surfaces densely strigillose, increasing distally; bracts not much reduced. |
opposite proximally, alternate on inflorescence, subsessile or proximally with petioles 1–1.5 mm; blade ovate proximally to lanceolate or narrowly elliptic distally, 0.5–4.7 × 0.2–1.4 cm, base rounded to cuneate, margins subentire proximally to denticulate distally, 8–20 teeth per side, veins inconspicuous, 3–6 per side, apex obtuse to subacute, surfaces mostly glabrous with strigillose margins; bracts much reduced. |
Inflorescences | erect racemes, densely strigillose, often mixed sparsely glandular puberulent. |
usually nodding in bud, erect later, open racemes, sometimes congested, usually mixed strigillose and glandular puberulent, rarely also mixed villous, or rarely subglabrous. |
Flowers | erect; buds 3–5 × 1.5–2.5 mm; pedicel 5–12 mm; floral tube 0.8–1.5 × 1.2–1.8 mm, ring of spreading hairs at mouth inside; sepals 2.5–4.5 × 0.9–1.3 mm, abaxial surface strigillose; petals obcordate, white to light pink, 3.5–7 × 1.6–4 mm, apical notch 1–1.8 mm; filaments white or cream, those of longer stamens 0.8–3.5 mm, those of shorter ones 0.6–2.5 mm; anthers cream, 0.5–0.9 × 0.4–0.6 mm; ovary 12–18 mm, densely strigillose, sometimes mixed glandular puberulent; style cream, 2–3.8 mm, stigma narrowly clavate, entire, 1–1.8 × 0.5–1.2 mm, usually surrounded by, rarely exserted beyond, anthers. |
erect; buds 2–5 × 1–2 mm; pedicel 3–8 mm; floral tube 0.5–1.7 × 0.8–1.6 mm, with slightly raised ring of spreading hairs at mouth inside; sepals green, 1.2–2.8 × 0.5–1 mm, abaxial surface subglabrous or sparsely glandular puberulent; petals white, often fading pink, 1.6–5.5 × 1.2–3 mm, apical notch 0.3–1.2 mm; filaments white or cream, those of longer stamens 0.6–2.5 mm, those of shorter ones 0.4–1.5 mm; anthers cream, 0.2–0.9 × 0.2–0.5 mm; ovary 10–14 mm, strigillose and glandular puberulent or subglabrous; style cream, 0.8–5 mm, stigma clavate, entire, 0.4–1.2 × 0.3–0.7 mm, usually surrounded by, rarely exserted beyond, anthers. |
Capsules | straight, narrowly cylindrical, 35–80 mm, surfaces densely strigillose; pedicel 10–35 mm. |
very narrowly cylindrical, (15–)24–60 mm, surfaces usually subglabrous to mixed strigillose and glandular puberulent, rarely sparsely villous; pedicel 8–40 mm. |
Seeds | narrowly fusiform to narrowly obovoid, 1.5–2.2 ×0.5–0.7 mm, chalazal collar 0.1–0.2 mm, ± pronounced, surface papillose; coma persistent, dingy white, 6–8 mm. |
narrowly fusiform to narrowly obovoid, 1.1–1.6 × 0.4–0.6 mm, chalazal collar ± conspicuous, 0.05–0.2 mm, light brown, surface papillose; coma easily detached, white, 3–6 mm. |
2n | = 36. |
= 36. |
Epilobium leptophyllum |
Epilobium hallianum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | Flowering Jun–Sep. |
Habitat | Marshy ground, bogs, fens, low thickets, seepage areas, damp pastures. | Semi-shaded stream banks, wet grassy slopes or meadows, bogs, seasonally wet sites, vernal pools. |
Elevation | 0–1000(–2900) m. (0–3300(–9500) ft.) | 100–3700 m. (300–12100 ft.) |
Distribution |
AK; CA; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; SPM
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AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; SK
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Discussion | The range of Epilobium leptophyllum overlaps with that of the related E. palustre, but the former is less common to the north and more common south into the midwestern United States, and absent only from most of the southern tier of states. It is also relatively uncommon in the western United States and Canada. Judging by the number of herbarium sheets that also include E. palustre, E. densum, and even E. coloratum, it sometimes occurs in sympatry with those species and may rarely hybridize with them, based on plants with intermediate morphology and/or sterile fruits. Fernald described Epilobium nesophilum from the Magdalen Islands (Quebec), and especially Newfoundland, first as a variety of E. densum (1918), then as a separate species (1925). Epilobium rosmarinifolium Pursh 1813, an illegitimate name (not Haenke 1788), pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Epilobium hallianum has condensed fleshy turions and generally strict habit, suggesting an affinity with E. ciliatum or E. saximontanum, both with the AA arrangement. However, E. hallianum has the BB arrangement (S. R. Seavey and P. H. Raven 1978) and apparently more distant relationship to those other species. In different parts of its geographical range Epilobium hallianum shows considerable morphological variability, especially in leaf shape and margins, and in type and pattern of stem vestiture, including plants in the southern part of its range with densely villous stems that have been treated as E. ursinum. In part because of this variability and in part because the very characteristic condensed turions are easily lost during collection and/or often overlooked, E. hallianum is frequently misidentified. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Epilobieae > Epilobium > sect. Epilobium | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Epilobieae > Epilobium > sect. Epilobium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | E. densum var. nesophilum, E. nesophilum, E. oliganthum var. gracile, E. palustre var. gracile, E. squamatum, E. tenellum | E. brevistylum var. pringleanum, E. brevistylum var. subfalcatum, E. brevistylum var. tenue, E. brevistylum var. ursinum, E. delicatum var. tenue, E. glandulosum var. tenue, E. pringleanum, E. pringleanum var. tenue, E. ursinum, E. ursinum var. subfalcatum |
Name authority | Rafinesque: Précis Découv. Somiol., 41. (1814) | Haussknecht: Monogr. Epilobium, 261. (1884) — (as halleanum) |
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