Epidendrum magnoliae |
Epidendrum amphistomum |
|
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green-fly orchid |
big-mouth star orchid |
|
Habit | Plants cespitose, 4.5–38 cm. | Plants cespitose, to 110 cm. |
Roots | basal, 3–5 mm diam. |
basal, 1.5–4 mm diam. |
Stems | unbranched, straight, terete, 2–5 cm. |
unbranched, straight, compressed, to 60 cm. |
Leaves | 2–3, near apex of stem; petiole to 1.5 cm; blade narrowly elliptic, 1–9.5 × 0.4–1.3 cm, nearly leathery, apex acute. |
5–13; petiole 20–36 mm; blade elliptic, obtuse, middle ones somewhat larger than basal or apical, 4–18 × 1–4 cm, leathery. |
Inflorescences | erect, racemose, 3–26 cm; peduncle 2–10 cm; bracts triangular, to 1/2 length of ovary, 12–18 mm, apex acuminate. |
racemes, subcapitate, densely flowered, 10–50 cm; 1st raceme terminal, producing additional racemes from nodes of long peduncle over years; peduncle elongate, laterally compressed, 9–48 cm. |
Flowers | 6–14, spread along apical 1/2 of inflorescence, resupinate, simultaneous, pale green to bronze-colored; sepals wide open, narrowly obovate, 5-veined, 6–11 × 2–3 mm, margins revolute, apex obtuse; petals narrowly oblanceolate, 1-veined, 6–11 × 1–2 mm, apex rounded; lip base cordate, 3-lobed, middle lobe triangular, apex rounded to slightly notched, 2-callose, with low midrib, 4–6 × 5–7 mm, lateral lobes semiorbiculate; column 11–12 mm; clinandrium hood erose, covering anther; anther ovate, with low keel along front; ovary 12–18 mm. |
to 25 per raceme, not resupinate, spirally oriented, yellow-green to red-brown; sepals obovate-elliptic, 5.5–7.5 × 3–4 mm, fleshy, apex obtuse; petals narrowly oblanceolate, thin, 5–7 × 0.5–1 mm, apex obtuse; lip cordate, apex 2-lobed, 4–6 × 4.5–7 mm, fleshy, with prominent longitudinal ridge terminating in fleshy mucro; column 5 mm; anther ovoid, apex saddle-shaped; ovary 7–14 mm. |
Capsules | ellipsoid; pedicel 7–11 mm; body 14–23; beak 5 mm. |
subglobose; pedicel 6.5 mm; body 7.5 × 6 mm; beak obsolete. |
Epidendrum magnoliae |
Epidendrum amphistomum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Jan, sporadically in fall; fruiting Oct–Jan. | Flowering Dec–Jul. |
Habitat | Evergreen and deciduous woodlands | Widespread and common in forests and hammocks of the Big Cypress Swamp and Everglades, on deciduous trees and palms |
Elevation | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) | 0–30 m (0–100 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; Mexico (Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas)
|
FL; West Indies (Cuba) |
Discussion | The flowers of Epidendrum magnoliae produce a sweet-oily fragrance, especially at night. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Epidendrum amphistomum grows in Martin, Lee, Collier, Miami-Dade, and Monroe counties, Florida. The species is pollinated by male night moths: Eucereon carolina, Lymire edwardsii, Cisseps fulvicollis, and Oxydia vesulia. Its reproduction is obligately allogamous. Flowers produce a fragrance reminiscent of overly ripe vegetables, heaviest between late afternoon and dawn (R. M. Adams and G. J. Goss 1976). This name has been generally regarded as synonymous with Epidendrum anceps Jacquin, which L. A. Garay and H. R. Sweet (1974) considered synonymous with Epidendrum secundum Jacquin (E. Hágsater 1993). Outside the flora area are several closely related species, all of them having been considered by recent authors under the name Epidendrum anceps. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 611. | FNA vol. 26, p. 610. |
Parent taxa | Orchidaceae > subfam. Epidendroideae > tribe Epidendreae > subtribe Laeliinae > Epidendrum | Orchidaceae > subfam. Epidendroideae > tribe Epidendreae > subtribe Laeliinae > Epidendrum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Amphiglottis conopsea, E. conopseum, Larnandra conopsea, Larnandra magnoliae | |
Name authority | Muhlenberg: Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept., 81. (1813) | A. Richard: in R. de la Sagra, Hist. Fis. Cuba 11: 240. (1853) |
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