Flora of North America species comparison

to 20 mm, central strand absent.

10–14 m, central strand absent.

oblong to elliptic, 4–6 mm, apices broadly acute to rounded, mucronate to cuspidate, margins recurved below mid-leaf;

costa excurrent or subpercurrent, narrow;

laminal cells 10–20 µm,;

basal cells rectangular, 50–120 µm, smooth;

basal marginal cells weakly differentiated below, in 4–8 rows, elongate, smooth.

broadly oblong to elliptic or spathulate, 2–4 mm, apices rounded, apiculate to hair-pointed;

margins plane;

costa excurrent, awns shorter than leaf lamina, hyaline, smooth, stout;

laminal cells 10–22 µm;

basal cells rectangular, 60–90 µm, walls thickened, adaxial and abaxial surfaces smooth;

basal marginal cells distinctly differentiated in 10–20 rows.

4–14 mm, yellow to yellowish brown.

1–3 mm, red to yellowish red, smooth.

cylindric, 2–3 mm, smooth, constricted below mouth, yellowish brown, exothecial cells rectangular, 50–120 µm;

peristome single, yellowish red to hyaline, 16 teeth, lanceolate, to 0.3 mm high, papillose, erect;

operculum 1–1.5 mm.

exserted or sometimes just emergent, erect, cylindric, 1–3 mm, smooth, reddish yellow with distinctive red rim, gymnostomous;

exothecial cells rectangular, to 85 µm, walls thickened;

peristome absent;

operculum 0.5–0.8 mm.

3–7 mm, fringed at base, smooth or rarely papillose at apex.

2–5 mm, fringed at base, smooth to weakly papillose.

30–40 µm, plicae and pitted, brownish yellow.

30–50 µm, warty, brown.

asexual reproduction absent.

asexual reproduction absent.