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fringe candle snuffer moss, fringe extinguisher-moss

Stems

to 20 mm, central strand absent.

Leaves

oblong to elliptic, 4–6 mm, apices broadly acute to rounded, mucronate to cuspidate, margins recurved below mid-leaf;

costa excurrent or subpercurrent, narrow;

laminal cells 10–20 µm,;

basal cells rectangular, 50–120 µm, smooth;

basal marginal cells weakly differentiated below, in 4–8 rows, elongate, smooth.

Seta

4–14 mm, yellow to yellowish brown.

Capsule

cylindric, 2–3 mm, smooth, constricted below mouth, yellowish brown, exothecial cells rectangular, 50–120 µm;

peristome single, yellowish red to hyaline, 16 teeth, lanceolate, to 0.3 mm high, papillose, erect;

operculum 1–1.5 mm.

Calyptra

3–7 mm, fringed at base, smooth or rarely papillose at apex.

Spores

30–40 µm, plicae and pitted, brownish yellow.

Specialized

asexual reproduction absent.

Encalypta ciliata

Habitat Crevices of acid or neutral rock or soils in sheltered or exposed situations
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AZ; CA; CO; IL; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NH; NM; NY; OR; PA; SD; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; LB; NB; NS; ON; QC; YT; Mexico; South America; Asia; Greenland; Europe; West Indies; Africa
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Discussion

Encalypta ciliata is among the most variable species of the genus in leaf shape, apex development, and costae length. A combination of excurrent costa, smooth capsule wall, and single peristome will serve to identify it.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 27, p. 175.
Parent taxa Encalyptaceae > Encalypta
Sibling taxa
E. affinis, E. alpina, E. brevicollis, E. brevipes, E. flowersiana, E. longicollis, E. mutica, E. procera, E. rhaptocarpa, E. spathulata, E. texana, E. vittiana, E. vulgaris
Synonyms E. ciliata var. microstoma
Name authority Hedwig: Sp. Musc. Frond., 61. (1801)
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