Encalypta ciliata |
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fringe candle snuffer moss, fringe extinguisher-moss |
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Stems | to 20 mm, central strand absent. |
Leaves | oblong to elliptic, 4–6 mm, apices broadly acute to rounded, mucronate to cuspidate, margins recurved below mid-leaf; costa excurrent or subpercurrent, narrow; laminal cells 10–20 µm,; basal cells rectangular, 50–120 µm, smooth; basal marginal cells weakly differentiated below, in 4–8 rows, elongate, smooth. |
Seta | 4–14 mm, yellow to yellowish brown. |
Capsule | cylindric, 2–3 mm, smooth, constricted below mouth, yellowish brown, exothecial cells rectangular, 50–120 µm; peristome single, yellowish red to hyaline, 16 teeth, lanceolate, to 0.3 mm high, papillose, erect; operculum 1–1.5 mm. |
Calyptra | 3–7 mm, fringed at base, smooth or rarely papillose at apex. |
Spores | 30–40 µm, plicae and pitted, brownish yellow. |
Specialized | asexual reproduction absent. |
Encalypta ciliata |
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Habitat | Crevices of acid or neutral rock or soils in sheltered or exposed situations |
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; IL; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NH; NM; NY; OR; PA; SD; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; LB; NB; NS; ON; QC; YT; Mexico; South America; Asia; Greenland; Europe; West Indies; Africa
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Discussion | Encalypta ciliata is among the most variable species of the genus in leaf shape, apex development, and costae length. A combination of excurrent costa, smooth capsule wall, and single peristome will serve to identify it. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 27, p. 175. |
Parent taxa | Encalyptaceae > Encalypta |
Sibling taxa | |
Synonyms | E. ciliata var. microstoma |
Name authority | Hedwig: Sp. Musc. Frond., 61. (1801) |
Web links |