Emex spinosa |
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devil's-thorn, little Jack, spiny emex, spiny threecorner-Jack |
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Habit | Plants 3–6(–8) dm. |
Stems | ascending to erect, base often reddish, branched proximally. |
Leaves | ocrea loose, glabrous; petiole 2–29 cm, glabrous; blade ovate to ovate-oblong or triangular, 3–13 × 1.1–12 cm, base mostly truncate to subcordate, apex obtuse to acute. |
Staminate flowers | 1–8 per ocreate fascicle; tepals narrowly oblong to oblanceolate, 1.5–2 mm. |
Pistillate flowers | 2–7 per ocreate fascicle; outer tepals ovate to oblong, 4–6 mm in fruit, inner tepals linear-lanceolate, 5–6 mm in fruit, apex acute. |
Achenes | 4–5 × 2–3 mm, shiny. |
Fruiting | perianths 5–6 × 5–6 mm, spines spreading to reflexed, 2–4 mm, base broad. |
2n | = 20. |
Emex spinosa |
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Phenology | Flowering year-round. |
Habitat | Sandy shores, disturbed ground |
Elevation | 0-500 m (0-1600 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; FL; MA; NJ; TX; South America (Argentina, Ecuador, Peru); Eurasia (Mediterranean region); n Africa (Mediterranean region) [Introduced in North America; introduced in Eurasia (Cyprus, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Lebanon, Pakistan, Syria, Turkey), Africa (Algeria, Kenya, Kuwait, Mauritius, Morocco), Atlantic Islands (Canary Islands), Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Australia]
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Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 488. |
Parent taxa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Emex |
Sibling taxa | |
Synonyms | Rumex spinosus |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Campderá: Monogr. Rumex, 58. (1819) |
Web links |