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Scribner's wheat grass, Scribner's wild rye, spreading wheatgrass

Southwestern wildrye

Habit Plants cespitose, not rhizomatous. Plants cespitose, not rhizomatous, usually glaucous.
Culms

15-35(55) cm, prostrate to strongly decumbent, at least at the base;

nodes glabrous.

usually (40)60-100(120) cm, erect or the bases somewhat decumbent;

nodes 4-8, usually exposed, glabrous.

Sheaths

glabrous or shortly pilose;

auricles usually present, 0.5-1 mm;

ligules 0.2-0.4(0.7) mm, usually truncate, occasionally acute, entire to erose;

blades 1.5-4 mm wide, usually involute, adaxial surfaces prominently ribbed.

Leaves

evenly distributed;

sheaths usually glabrous, occasionally hirsute;

auricles 0-2 mm, pale or reddish brown;

ligules to 1 mm;

blades 3-9 mm wide, lax, pale green, adaxial surfaces densely short-pilose, hispidulous, or scabridulous, especially on the veins.

Spikes

3.5-10 cm long, 0.8-1.2 cm wide excluding the awns, 3-6 cm wide including the awns, usually with 1 spikelet per node, occasionally with 2 spikelets at the lower nodes;

internodes 2.5-5(7) mm long, 0.5-1 mm wide, glabrous, mostly smooth, edges scabrous.

5-20 cm long, 2-5 cm wide, erect to slightly nodding, with 2 spikelets per node;

internodes (5)8-14 mm long, 0.2-0.3 mm thick at the thinnest sections, without pronounced dorsal angles, often with green lateral bands, glabrous beneath the spikelets.

Spikelets

9-15 mm long, 6-12 mm wide, appressed to ascending, with 3-6 florets;

rachilla internodes 0.8-1.3 mm, scabridulous;

disarticulation initially at the rachis nodes, subsequently beneath each floret.

(6)9-15(22) mm, somewhat to strongly divergent, with 2-5 florets, lowest florets functional;

disarticulation above the glumes and beneath each floret.

Glumes

4-9 mm long, 0.5-1 mm wide, mostly glabrous, midveins scabrous, 3-5-veined, entire, tapering into a divergent, 12-30 mm awn;

lemmas 7-10 mm, usually glabrous, occasionally scabridulous, awned, awns 15-30 mm, divergent, scabridulous;

paleas usually longer than the lemmas, apices ciliate, truncate or the veins extending into teeth, teeth about 0.5 mm;

anthers 1-1.6 mm.

subequal, 15-30 mm including the weakly differentiated awns, the basal 0-1 mm subterete and indurate, glume bodies, when distinguishable, about 6-10 mm long, (0.2)0.3-0.5(0.7) mm wide, linear-setiform to setaceous, entire, widening or parallel-sided above the base, 1-3-veined, glabrous or scabridulous, margins firm, awns straight or flexuous;

lemmas 7-10 mm, smooth or scabridulous, occasionally hirtellous especially near the margins, awns 15-22 mm, straight to moderately outcurving;

paleas 6-9 mm, obtuse or narrowly truncate, sometimes emarginate;

anthers 2-4.5 mm.

Anthesis

May to July.

2n

= 28.

= 28.

Elymus scribneri

Elymus interruptus

Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; NM; TX
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Elymus scribneri grows in rocky areas in open subalpine and alpine regions, at 2500-3200 m, often in windswept locations, in southwestern Alberta and the western United States. It is often confused with E. elymoides (p. 318), but differs from that species in having only one spikelet per node, wider glumes, and more tardily disarticulating rachises. It also resembles E. sierrae (see next), from which it differs in its disarticulating rachises, denser spikes, and shorter anthers.

Dewey (1963) concluded that Elymus trachycaulus subsp. andinus consists of hybrids between E. scribneri and E. trachycaulus (p. 321). In addition, several taxonomists have suggested that E. scribneri consists of fertile hybrids between E. violaceus (p. 324) and E. elymoides. This suggestion is supported by the frequency with which the three taxa are sympatric, the morphological variation exhibited by E. scribneri, and cytogenetic data (Dewey 1967).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Elymus interruptus grows in dry to moist, rocky soil, often in canyons, open woods, and thickets, in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Apparent intermediates between E. interruptus and E. canadensis (p. 303) have been collected north of the documented range of typical E. interruptus in Arizona, New Mexico, and Iowa. Plants in the Ozark and Ouachita mountains, especially in Arkansas, that were previously referred to E. interruptus are now included in E. churchii (p. 314).

Elymus interruptus is a poorly understood southern species that, at one extreme, used to be included in E. canadensis or, at the other extreme, used to include E. churchii, E. svensonii (p. 314), and E. diversiglumis (p. 316), three species that seem more closely allied to E. hystrix (p. 316). Campbell (2002) suggested E. interruptus may have arisen from the introgression of E. hystrix or a related species into E. canadensis var. brachystachys. Artificial crosses between E. hystrix and E. canadensis were generally unsuccessful, but yielded some plants resembling E. interruptus (Church 1954). Elymus interruptus has been crossed with E. canadensis, E. hystrix, E. svensonii, E. virginicus (p. 298), E. glabriflorus (p. 296) and E. diversiglumis; only the hybrids with E. diversiglumis were completely sterile (Church 1954, 1967a; Brown and Pratt 1960).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 24, p. 330. FNA vol. 24, p. 306.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Triticeae > Elymus Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Triticeae > Elymus
Sibling taxa
E. alaskanus, E. albicans, E. arizonicus, E. bakeri, E. canadensis, E. caninus, E. churchii, E. ciliaris, E. curvatus, E. dahuricus, E. diversiglumis, E. elymoides, E. glabriflorus, E. glaucus, E. hirsutus, E. hoffmannii, E. hystrix, E. interruptus, E. lanceolatus, E. macgregorii, E. macrourus, E. multisetus, E. pringlei, E. repens, E. riparius, E. semicostatus, E. sibiricus, E. sierrae, E. stebbinsii, E. svensonii, E. texensis, E. trachycaulus, E. tsukushiensis, E. villosus, E. violaceus, E. virginicus, E. wawawaiensis, E. wiegandii, E. ×cayouetteorum, E. ×ebingeri, E. ×hansenii, E. ×palmerensis, E. ×pinalenoensis, E. ×pseudorepens, E. ×saundersii, E. ×yukonensis
E. alaskanus, E. albicans, E. arizonicus, E. bakeri, E. canadensis, E. caninus, E. churchii, E. ciliaris, E. curvatus, E. dahuricus, E. diversiglumis, E. elymoides, E. glabriflorus, E. glaucus, E. hirsutus, E. hoffmannii, E. hystrix, E. lanceolatus, E. macgregorii, E. macrourus, E. multisetus, E. pringlei, E. repens, E. riparius, E. scribneri, E. semicostatus, E. sibiricus, E. sierrae, E. stebbinsii, E. svensonii, E. texensis, E. trachycaulus, E. tsukushiensis, E. villosus, E. violaceus, E. virginicus, E. wawawaiensis, E. wiegandii, E. ×cayouetteorum, E. ×ebingeri, E. ×hansenii, E. ×palmerensis, E. ×pinalenoensis, E. ×pseudorepens, E. ×saundersii, E. ×yukonensis
Synonyms Agropyron scribneri E. canadensis var. interruptus
Name authority (Vasey) M. E. Jones Buckley
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