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beautiful spikerush, delicate spikerush, pretty spikerush

pale spike-rush, wrinkle-sheath spike-rush, yellow spikerush, yellow spikesedge

Habit Plants annual, rarely perennial, usually densely tufted; rhizomes rarely evident, 0.2–0.3 mm thick, internodes 1–5 mm, scales not evident. Plants with creeping rhizomes 0.5–1 mm thick.
Culms

often ascending or spreading, 4-angled or sometimes terete, sometimes sulcate, 1–7 cm × 0.2–0.3 mm, soft to firm.

3–42 cm × 0.3–0.6 mm.

Leaves

sheaths stramineous, distal sheaths often splitting abaxially, slightly inflated distally, oblique, apex acute.

distal leaf sheaths often disintegrating, thinly membranous-translucent, inflated distally, often wrinkled, apex blunt.

Spikelets

ovoid, 1.5–4 × 0.8–2 mm, apex acute;

floral scales 4–15, 8 per mm of rachilla, colorless or reddish brown, midrib region green, ovate-lanceolate, not folded lengthwise, 1–1.5 × 0.5–0.7 mm, mibrib obscure to somewhat keeled, apex narrowly acute to acuminate, slightly recurved.

ellipsoid, 1.5–9 × 1–3.5 mm, apex acute to acuminate;

proximal scale without flower, not amplexicaulous;

floral scales to 65, 5–7 per mm of rachilla, loosely appressed to appressed, elliptic, 1–3 × 0.4–1.6 mm, membranous, apex acute.

Flowers

perianth bristles absent;

anthers 0.3–0.5 mm.

perianth bristles (0–)5–8, typically 7, white to stramineous, spinules dense to few;

styles 2-fid, rarely 3-fid.

Achenes

with angles and longitudinal ridges ca. 6–10, rather prominent, broadly ovoid, less than 2 times longer then wide, (0.55–)0.65–0.75 × 0.3–0.4 mm, apex blunt, trabeculae distinct, 20–30.

stramineous to green or dark brown, biconvex, rarely trigonous, obovoid to obpryiform, 0.4–1.1 × 0.3–0.8 mm, very finely reticulate at 40X.

Tubercles

grayish, mostly appressed, pyramidal, often depressed, 0.1–0.2 × 0.1–0.25 mm.

whitish to stramineous or green, 0.2–0.7 × 0.2–0.4 mm, apex acute to acuminate.

Eleocharis bella

Eleocharis flavescens

Phenology Fruiting spring–summer.
Habitat Bare, often drying soil of stream alluvium, lake margins, wet meadows
Elevation 200–2900 m (700–9500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; WA; Mexico (Chihuahua)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CT; DE; FL; GA; ID; IL; IN; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MS; MT; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TX; UT; VA; VT; WI; WY; NB; NS; ON; QC; South America; temperate North America; West Indies
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Eleocharis bella and E. acicularis seem to be amply distinct; putative hybrids are unknown. The occasional plants of E. bella with evident rhizomes, which include the type, are otherwise identical to plants apparently without rhizomes. Eleocharis bella is very similar to E. cancellata. There is an Illinois collection from Peoria in 1901, from the alluvial banks of the Illinois River.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

The varieties of Eleocharis flavescens are difficult to delimit, especially in the south, and identifications of some specimens to variety are problematic.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Achenes red-brown to dark brown when ripe, 0.4–0.8(–1.1) × 0.3–0.6 mm, apex rarely highly constricted proximal to tubercle; flowers with perianth bristles typically shorter than to as long as achene.
var. flavescens
1. Achenes green to golden-brown, 0.5–1.1 × 0.4–0.8 mm, often highly constricted proximal to tubercle; flowers with perianth bristles typically longer than achene.
var. olivacea
Source FNA vol. 23, p. 110. FNA vol. 23, p. 100.
Parent taxa Cyperaceae > Eleocharis > subg. Scirpidium Cyperaceae > Eleocharis > subg. Eleocharis > sect. Eleogenus > ser. Maculosae
Sibling taxa
E. acicularis, E. aestuum, E. albida, E. ambigens, E. atropurpurea, E. baldwinii, E. bernardina, E. bicolor, E. bifida, E. bolanderi, E. brachycarpa, E. brittonii, E. cancellata, E. cellulosa, E. coloradoensis, E. compressa, E. cylindrica, E. decumbens, E. diandra, E. elliptica, E. elongata, E. engelmannii, E. equisetoides, E. erythropoda, E. fallax, E. flavescens, E. geniculata, E. intermedia, E. interstincta, E. kamtschatica, E. lanceolata, E. macrostachya, E. mamillata, E. melanocarpa, E. microcarpa, E. minima, E. montana, E. montevidensis, E. nana, E. nigrescens, E. nitida, E. obtusa, E. obtusetrigona, E. occulta, E. ovata, E. pachycarpa, E. palustris, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. quadrangulata, E. quinqueflora, E. radicans, E. ravenelii, E. retroflexa, E. reverchonii, E. robbinsii, E. rostellata, E. suksdorfiana, E. tenuis, E. torticulmis, E. tortilis, E. tricostata, E. tuberculosa, E. uniglumis, E. vivipara, E. wolfii
E. acicularis, E. aestuum, E. albida, E. ambigens, E. atropurpurea, E. baldwinii, E. bella, E. bernardina, E. bicolor, E. bifida, E. bolanderi, E. brachycarpa, E. brittonii, E. cancellata, E. cellulosa, E. coloradoensis, E. compressa, E. cylindrica, E. decumbens, E. diandra, E. elliptica, E. elongata, E. engelmannii, E. equisetoides, E. erythropoda, E. fallax, E. geniculata, E. intermedia, E. interstincta, E. kamtschatica, E. lanceolata, E. macrostachya, E. mamillata, E. melanocarpa, E. microcarpa, E. minima, E. montana, E. montevidensis, E. nana, E. nigrescens, E. nitida, E. obtusa, E. obtusetrigona, E. occulta, E. ovata, E. pachycarpa, E. palustris, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. quadrangulata, E. quinqueflora, E. radicans, E. ravenelii, E. retroflexa, E. reverchonii, E. robbinsii, E. rostellata, E. suksdorfiana, E. tenuis, E. torticulmis, E. tortilis, E. tricostata, E. tuberculosa, E. uniglumis, E. vivipara, E. wolfii
Subordinate taxa
E. flavescens var. flavescens, E. flavescens var. olivacea
Synonyms E. acicularis var. bella, E. acicularis var. minima Scirpus flavescens
Name authority (Piper) Svenson: Rhodora 31: 201. (1929) (Poiret) Urban: Symb. Antill. 4: 116. (1903)
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