Eleocharis bella |
Eleocharis brittonii |
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beautiful spikerush, delicate spikerush, pretty spikerush |
Britton's spike-rush |
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Habit | Plants annual, rarely perennial, usually densely tufted; rhizomes rarely evident, 0.2–0.3 mm thick, internodes 1–5 mm, scales not evident. | Plants usually annual, tufted, often stoloniferous; rhizomes absent. |
Culms | often ascending or spreading, 4-angled or sometimes terete, sometimes sulcate, 1–7 cm × 0.2–0.3 mm, soft to firm. |
ascending, quadrangular, sulcate (not sulcate in Eleocharis sp. |
Leaves | sheaths stramineous, distal sheaths often splitting abaxially, slightly inflated distally, oblique, apex acute. |
distal leaf sheaths persistent or fugaceous, pale brown or green, sometimes streaked red-brown, membranous to translucent, apex acute to acuminate. |
Spikelets | ovoid, 1.5–4 × 0.8–2 mm, apex acute; floral scales 4–15, 8 per mm of rachilla, colorless or reddish brown, midrib region green, ovate-lanceolate, not folded lengthwise, 1–1.5 × 0.5–0.7 mm, mibrib obscure to somewhat keeled, apex narrowly acute to acuminate, slightly recurved. |
basal spikelets absent; often proliferous, ellipsoid to ovoid, terete, 2–10.5 × 1–2.8 mm, apex acute; proximal scale empty, persistent, amplexicaulous, dissimilar to floral scales, slightly longer, often resembling an involucral bract, elliptic or lanceolate, 1.4–2.7 × 0.8–1.2 mm, apex rounded, midrib markedly thickened and broad; subproximal scale with a flower; floral scales spiraled, 13–76, 9–13 per mm of rachilla, colorless or pale brown, streaked or mottled pale brown to red-brown, midribs sometimes green, ovate, elliptic, or obovate, 0.8–2.2 × 0.5–1 mm, papery or membranous, midrib evident to prominent, apex rounded. |
Flowers | perianth bristles absent; anthers 0.3–0.5 mm. |
perianth bristles 5–6 or absent, appressed to achene, white, vestigial to shorter than achene, to 0.3 mm; spinules not evident at 45X; stamens 2–3; anthers 0.2–0.45 mm; styles 3-fid. |
Achenes | with angles and longitudinal ridges ca. 6–10, rather prominent, broadly ovoid, less than 2 times longer then wide, (0.55–)0.65–0.75 × 0.3–0.4 mm, apex blunt, trabeculae distinct, 20–30. |
grayish to pale olive or yellowish, often minutely brown-spotted, obovoid, trigonous, angles prominent, 0.45–0.8 × 0.3–0.55 mm, apex constricted proximal to tubercle, smooth or finely pitted at 30X. |
Tubercles | grayish, mostly appressed, pyramidal, often depressed, 0.1–0.2 × 0.1–0.25 mm. |
gray, green, or yellowish, birettaform, trigonous, 0.05–0.1 × 0.15–0.3 mm. |
Aff | . |
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Brittonii | ), 7–37 cm × 0.2–0.6 mm, soft to firm. |
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2n | = 10. |
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Eleocharis bella |
Eleocharis brittonii |
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Phenology | Fruiting spring–summer. | Fruiting mid spring–winter. |
Habitat | Bare, often drying soil of stream alluvium, lake margins, wet meadows | Freshwater, moist terrestrial sites, peaty ponds, swamps |
Elevation | 200–2900 m (700–9500 ft) | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; WA; Mexico (Chihuahua)
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AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MO; MS; SC; TN; TX
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Discussion | Eleocharis bella and E. acicularis seem to be amply distinct; putative hybrids are unknown. The occasional plants of E. bella with evident rhizomes, which include the type, are otherwise identical to plants apparently without rhizomes. Eleocharis bella is very similar to E. cancellata. There is an Illinois collection from Peoria in 1901, from the alluvial banks of the Illinois River. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Preliminary studies suggest that Eleocharis brittonii may be comprised of two entities that may warrant taxonomic recognition, perhaps at the species level. Typical E. brittonii is usually robust, with floral scales pale brown and papery, bristles well developed, and achenes to 0.8 mm, clearly pitted at 30X. It is known from Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Jersey, and South Carolina. The second variant is usually small with floral scales whitish with red-brown markings, bristles absent or poorly developed, and achenes not more than 0.6 mm, smooth at 30X. We have annotated specimens of this second variant E. sp. aff. brittonii, known from Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, and Texas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 110. | FNA vol. 23. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Eleocharis > subg. Scirpidium | Cyperaceae > Eleocharis > subg. Eleocharis > sect. Eleocharis > ser. Tenuissimae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | E. acicularis var. bella, E. acicularis var. minima | E. microcarpa var. brittonii |
Name authority | (Piper) Svenson: Rhodora 31: 201. (1929) | Svenson ex Small: Man. S.E. Fl., 164. (1933) |
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