Eleocharis atropurpurea |
Eleocharis mamillata |
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purple spike-rush |
nipple spike-rush, soft-stem spike-rush, white or dentate shootingstar |
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Habit | Plants tufted, without creeping rhizomes. | |
Culms | 2–12(–19) cm × 0.2–0.4 mm. |
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Leaves | distal leaf sheaths firm, distally tightly sheathing, apex acute. |
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Spikelets | ovoid to ellipsoid, 2–6(–8) × 1–2.5 mm, apex acute; proximal scale with or without flower, not amplexicaulous; floral scales to 100, 15–19 per mm of rachilla, often loosely appressed, dark red-brown to stramineous, ovate to elliptic, 0.6–1.3 × 0.3–0.7 mm, membranous, apex rounded to acute. |
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Flowers | perianth bristles (0–)4–6, typically 4, colorless to whitish, vestigial to 1/2 as long as achene, smooth or spinuliferous; styles 2-fid. |
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Achenes | black, obovoid, biconvex, 0.3–0.5 × 0.3–0.4 mm, apex often constricted proximal to tubercle, smooth at 40X. |
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Tubercles | stramineous to whitish, umbonate to subconic, 0.1–0.2 × 0.1–0.2 mm, apex acute. |
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2n | = 20. |
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Eleocharis atropurpurea |
Eleocharis mamillata |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall (Jun–Sep). | |
Habitat | Canal banks, hammocks, irrigation ditches, lake and pond margins, maritime shores, rice fields | |
Elevation | 0–1800 m (0–5900 ft) | |
Distribution |
AL; CA; FL; GA; IA; KS; LA; MI; MO; NC; NE; NM; OK; SC; TX; WA; BC; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies; Europe (naturalized); Asia; Africa; Pacific Islands
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AK; MN; WA; WI; AB; BC; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT; Europe |
Discussion | Eleocharis atropurpurea has been reported from Colorado, Montana, and Virginia; I have not seen voucher specimens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 2 (1 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 102. | FNA vol. 23, p. 73. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Eleocharis > subg. Eleocharis > sect. Eleogenus > ser. Maculosae | Cyperaceae > Eleocharis > subg. Eleocharis > sect. Eleocharis > ser. Eleocharis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Scirpus atropurpureus | Scirpus mamillatus |
Name authority | (Retzius) J. Presl & C. Presl: in C. B. Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1: 196. (1828) | (H. Lindberg) H. Lindberg: in I. Dörfler, Herb. Norm. 44: 108. (1902) |
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