Elatine chilensis |
Elatine americana |
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Chilean waterwort |
American waterwort, élatine américaine |
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Habit | Herbs, emergent on wet substrates, 0.5–10 cm. | Herbs, submersed, 1.5–5 cm. |
Stems | ascending or prostrate, branched. |
ascending or prostrate, branched. |
Leaves | usually green, sometimes reddish green; stipules triangular, 0.5–0.6 mm, margins entire, apex acute; petiole 1–3 mm; blade obovate to broadly spatulate, 3–4(–8) × 0.5–2.5 mm, base cuneate to rounded, apex obtuse to slightly emarginate. |
green; stipules lanceolate, 0.5–0.6 mm, margins dentate, apex acute; petiole 0.5–3 mm; blade obovate to broadly spatulate, 3–8 × 0.5–3.5 mm, base attenuate or cuneate, apex rounded to shallowly emarginate. |
Pedicels | absent. |
to 0.1 mm, erect. |
Flowers | sepals 2–3, if 2, equal, if 3, 1 smaller, oblong, 0.5 × 0.3 mm; petals 3, pinkish white to reddish, elliptic to ovate, 1–1.5 × 0.5 mm; stamens 3; styles 3. |
cleistogamous when submersed; sepals (2–)3, equal or 1 reduced, oblong-ovate or widely lanceolate, 0.5 × 0.3–0.5 mm; petals 3, greenish white or pinkish white to reddish, elliptic or ovate, 0.6–1.2 × 0.5 mm; stamens 3; styles 3. |
Capsules | depressed-ovoid, 3-locular, 1.5–2 mm diam. |
oblong-ovoid, 3-locular, 1.5 mm diam. |
Seeds | 23–33 per locule, ellipsoid, straight or curved to 20°, 0.4–0.5 × 0.1–0.2 mm; pits angular-hexagonal, length 3–5 times width, in 6 rows, 16–25(–35) per row. |
9–12 per locule, slenderly cylindric, ± straight, 0.4–0.6 × (0.1–)0.2 mm; pits angular-hexagonal, length 2–3 times width, in 6(–8) rows, (13–)16–25(–30) per row. |
2n | = 36. |
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Elatine chilensis |
Elatine americana |
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Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering summer–early fall. |
Habitat | Muddy shores (fresh or tidal), shallow vernal pools, ditches, rice fields. | Muddy shorelines including estuaries, in water to 50 cm deep. |
Elevation | 0–2800 m. (0–9200 ft.) | 0–300(–900) m. (0–1000(–3000) ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NM; NV; OR; WA; South America
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CA; CT; DE; IL; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OK; PA; RI; SD; VA; MB; NB; NT; ON; QC
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Discussion | The distribution of Elatine chilensis has an amphitropical disjunction between western North America and southern South America. The minute seeds of E. chilensis probably have been dispersed between the two regions by birds (S. Carlquist 1983). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 352. | FNA vol. 12, p. 352. |
Parent taxa | Elatinaceae > Elatine | Elatinaceae > Elatine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | E. gracilis | Peplis americana, E. triandra subsp. americana, E. triandra var. americana |
Name authority | Gay: Fl. Chil. 1: 286. (1846) | (Pursh) Arnott: Edinburgh J. Nat. Geogr. Sci. 1: 431. (1830) |
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