The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

Chilean waterwort

Asian waterwort

Habit Herbs, emergent on wet substrates, 0.5–10 cm. Herbs, submersed, 1.5–4(–8) cm.
Stems

ascending or prostrate, branched.

prostrate or erect, branched.

Leaves

usually green, sometimes reddish green;

stipules triangular, 0.5–0.6 mm, margins entire, apex acute;

petiole 1–3 mm;

blade obovate to broadly spatulate, 3–4(–8) × 0.5–2.5 mm, base cuneate to rounded, apex obtuse to slightly emarginate.

green;

stipules lanceolate, 1 mm, margins dentate, apex acute;

petiole 0.1–1 mm;

blade lanceolate or oblong-elliptic, 2–6 × 0.5–1.5 mm, base cuneate, apex obtuse to acute.

Pedicels

absent.

0.5–2.5 mm, recurved in fruit.

Flowers

sepals 2–3, if 2, equal, if 3, 1 smaller, oblong, 0.5 × 0.3 mm;

petals 3, pinkish white to reddish, elliptic to ovate, 1–1.5 × 0.5 mm;

stamens 3;

styles 3.

sepals 3, equal, oblong-ovate or broadly lanceolate, 0.5 × 0.3 mm;

petals 0 or 3, reddish, long-elliptic or ovate, 1–1.5 × 0.5 mm;

stamens 3;

styles 3.

Capsules

depressed-ovoid, 3-locular, 1.5–2 mm diam.

oblong-ovoid, 3-locular, 1 mm diam.

Seeds

23–33 per locule, ellipsoid, straight or curved to 20°, 0.4–0.5 × 0.1–0.2 mm;

pits angular-hexagonal, length 3–5 times width, in 6 rows, 16–25(–35) per row.

10 per locule, narrowly oblong, straight or curved 15–30°, 0.3 × 0.1 mm;

pits obscure, round, length 1–4 times width, in 6 rows, 19–25(–30) per row.

Elatine chilensis

Elatine ambigua

Phenology Flowering summer. Flowering late spring–summer.
Habitat Muddy shores (fresh or tidal), shallow vernal pools, ditches, rice fields. Pools, marshy places, rice fields.
Elevation 0–2800 m. (0–9200 ft.) 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; NM; NV; OR; WA; South America
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; CT; MA; SC; VA; s Asia; se Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe, s Pacific Islands, Australia]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The distribution of Elatine chilensis has an amphitropical disjunction between western North America and southern South America. The minute seeds of E. chilensis probably have been dispersed between the two regions by birds (S. Carlquist 1983).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Elatine ambigua is a popular aquarium plant usually misidentified as E. trianda. It is also a common weed in rice fields. This species probably was introduced to California, South Carolina, and Virginia through rice farming. Its introduction to Connecticut and Massachusetts probably was through aquarium disposal or fish stocking.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 12, p. 352. FNA vol. 12, p. 352.
Parent taxa Elatinaceae > Elatine Elatinaceae > Elatine
Sibling taxa
E. ambigua, E. americana, E. brachysperma, E. californica, E. heterandra, E. minima, E. ojibwayensis, E. rubella, E. triandra
E. americana, E. brachysperma, E. californica, E. chilensis, E. heterandra, E. minima, E. ojibwayensis, E. rubella, E. triandra
Synonyms E. gracilis
Name authority Gay: Fl. Chil. 1: 286. (1846) Wight: Bot. Misc. 2: 103, suppl. plate 5. (1830)
Web links