Elatine chilensis |
Elatine ambigua |
|
---|---|---|
Chilean waterwort |
Asian waterwort |
|
Habit | Herbs, emergent on wet substrates, 0.5–10 cm. | Herbs, submersed, 1.5–4(–8) cm. |
Stems | ascending or prostrate, branched. |
prostrate or erect, branched. |
Leaves | usually green, sometimes reddish green; stipules triangular, 0.5–0.6 mm, margins entire, apex acute; petiole 1–3 mm; blade obovate to broadly spatulate, 3–4(–8) × 0.5–2.5 mm, base cuneate to rounded, apex obtuse to slightly emarginate. |
green; stipules lanceolate, 1 mm, margins dentate, apex acute; petiole 0.1–1 mm; blade lanceolate or oblong-elliptic, 2–6 × 0.5–1.5 mm, base cuneate, apex obtuse to acute. |
Pedicels | absent. |
0.5–2.5 mm, recurved in fruit. |
Flowers | sepals 2–3, if 2, equal, if 3, 1 smaller, oblong, 0.5 × 0.3 mm; petals 3, pinkish white to reddish, elliptic to ovate, 1–1.5 × 0.5 mm; stamens 3; styles 3. |
sepals 3, equal, oblong-ovate or broadly lanceolate, 0.5 × 0.3 mm; petals 0 or 3, reddish, long-elliptic or ovate, 1–1.5 × 0.5 mm; stamens 3; styles 3. |
Capsules | depressed-ovoid, 3-locular, 1.5–2 mm diam. |
oblong-ovoid, 3-locular, 1 mm diam. |
Seeds | 23–33 per locule, ellipsoid, straight or curved to 20°, 0.4–0.5 × 0.1–0.2 mm; pits angular-hexagonal, length 3–5 times width, in 6 rows, 16–25(–35) per row. |
10 per locule, narrowly oblong, straight or curved 15–30°, 0.3 × 0.1 mm; pits obscure, round, length 1–4 times width, in 6 rows, 19–25(–30) per row. |
Elatine chilensis |
Elatine ambigua |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering late spring–summer. |
Habitat | Muddy shores (fresh or tidal), shallow vernal pools, ditches, rice fields. | Pools, marshy places, rice fields. |
Elevation | 0–2800 m. (0–9200 ft.) | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NM; NV; OR; WA; South America
|
CA; CT; MA; SC; VA; s Asia; se Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe, s Pacific Islands, Australia] |
Discussion | The distribution of Elatine chilensis has an amphitropical disjunction between western North America and southern South America. The minute seeds of E. chilensis probably have been dispersed between the two regions by birds (S. Carlquist 1983). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Elatine ambigua is a popular aquarium plant usually misidentified as E. trianda. It is also a common weed in rice fields. This species probably was introduced to California, South Carolina, and Virginia through rice farming. Its introduction to Connecticut and Massachusetts probably was through aquarium disposal or fish stocking. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 352. | FNA vol. 12, p. 352. |
Parent taxa | Elatinaceae > Elatine | Elatinaceae > Elatine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | E. gracilis | |
Name authority | Gay: Fl. Chil. 1: 286. (1846) | Wight: Bot. Misc. 2: 103, suppl. plate 5. (1830) |
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