Elatine californica |
Elatine heterandra |
|
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California waterwort |
mosquito waterwort |
|
Habit | Herbs, submersed or growing on exposed but wet substrates, 1–5 cm. | Herbs, emersed on wet substrates, 0.5–3 cm. |
Stems | decumbent to erect, branched. |
ascending or prostrate, branched. |
Leaves | light green to green, sometimes becoming reddish in terrestrial plants; stipules lanceolate, 0.5–0.6 mm, margins dentate, apex acute; petiole 1–4 mm; blade obovate to oblanceolate, 4–12(–15) × 1.2–3 mm, base narrowly cuneate, apex acute to obtuse. |
usually green, sometimes reddish green; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 1 mm, margins irregularly toothed, apex acute; petiole 0.5–2 mm; blade obovate to broadly elliptic-oblong, 2–4 × 0.5–1.5 mm, base usually cuneate, sometimes rounded, apex acute to obtuse, notched. |
Pedicels | 1.5–2.5(–3.5) mm, recurved in fruit. |
absent. |
Flowers | sepals 4, usually equal, sometimes 1 reduced, oblong-ovate or widely lanceolate, 0.5–0.6 × 0.3–0.4 mm; petals 4, greenish white, slightly reddish, or pink, elliptic or ovate, 1–1.5 × 0.5–0.6 mm; stamens 8; styles 4. |
sepals 2(–3), if 2, equal, if 3, 1 smaller, oblong, 1.1–1.3 × 0.3 mm; petals 3, pinkish, elliptic to ovate, 1–1.5 × 0.5 mm; stamens 1–6 (number variable within plant); styles 3. |
Capsules | depressed-ovoid, 4-locular, 1.3–2.5 mm diam. |
globose, 3-locular, 1.1–1.7 mm diam. |
Seeds | 2–5 per locule, oblong to ellipsoid, curved 90–180°, 0.6–1 × 0.2 mm; pits elliptic, length 1–3 times width, in 6–10 rows, (16–)20–29 per row. |
8–12 per locule, broadly ellipsoid to oblong, straight or curved 15–30°, 0.3–0.5 × 0.1–0.2 mm; pits rounded-hexagonal, length 1–2 times width, in 9–10 rows, 12–18 per row. |
Elatine californica |
Elatine heterandra |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Pools, pond shores, rice fields, stream banks. | Wet mud of montane ponds. |
Elevation | 0–1900(–2600) m. (0–6200(–8500) ft.) | (400–)1000–1500 m. ((1300–)3300–4900 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; Mexico (Baja California)
|
CA; NM; TX |
Discussion | Elatine californica is distinguished from other species of the genus by having long pedicels that are recurved in fruit and strongly curved seeds that can be nearly circular. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In California, Elatine heterandra is known from the North Coast Ranges and the Sierra Nevada; additionally, two disjunct localities are known for the species in McKinley County, New Mexico, and Kenedy County, Texas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 350. | FNA vol. 12, p. 353. |
Parent taxa | Elatinaceae > Elatine | Elatinaceae > Elatine |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | E. californica var. williamsii, E. williamsii | |
Name authority | A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 13: 361, 364. (1878) | H. Mason: Madroño 13: 240. (1956) |
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