Echinocereus dasyacanthus |
Echinocereus nicholii |
|
---|---|---|
spiny hedgehog cactus, Texas rainbow cactus |
golden hedgehog cactus, Nichol's hedgehog cactus |
|
Habit | Plants unbranched or few branched, forming loose clumps of fewer than 20 stiff branches in old age. | Plants 16–30-branched, forming clumps. |
Stems | erect, ovoid, becoming cylindric with age, 11–23(–40) × (4.5–)5.5–7(–10) cm; ribs (13–)15–19(–21), crests rather sharply undulate; areoles 5–11 mm apart. |
erect to ascending, cylindric or somewhat tapering distally, 20–30(–70) × (4–)6–9 cm; ribs 10–13, crests slightly undulate; areoles 15–25 mm apart. |
Spines | 19–28 per areole, straight, appressed (radial spines) or spreading in all directions (central spines), presenting relatively bristly appearance (except when spines very short, and then having relatively smooth appearance as in E. pectinatus), pink to pale yellow, white, or tan, less often dark brown or purplish, annual growth increments marked (often vaguely) by rings of spines with contrasting colors; radial spines (16–)17–25(–28) per areole, 5–15(–25) mm; central spines (2–)8–12(–15) per areole, terete, largest spines 4.5–9.5(–14) mm. |
13–16 per areole, usually straight, divergent-porrect, pale translucent yellow; radial spines 8–12 per areole, 5–25 mm; central spines 4–6(–8) per areole, 30–72 mm, abaxial central spine usually descending, paler than other central spines, often fading whitish, somewhat flattened. |
Flowers | 7–8.5(–10) × 7–12 cm; flower tube 10–20 × to 10 mm; flower tube hairs 1–3 mm; inner tepals either yellow (rarely orange-yellow, sometimes becoming salmon- or rose-pink with age), or rose-pink to magenta, proximal 5–30% green in either case, (25–)32–69(–77) × 8–23 mm, tips relatively thin and delicate; anthers yellow; nectar chamber 2–6 mm. |
4–6 × 5–7 cm; flower tube 18–25 × 12–30 mm; flower tube hairs 1 mm; inner tepals usually pale pink with midstripes slightly darker, proximal 1/3 greenish, 30–40 × 5–10 mm, tips relatively thin and delicate; anthers yellow; nectar chamber to 7 mm. |
Fruits | dark dull purplish to maroon (sometimes remaining green), 2–3.5 cm, pulp white to purplish pink. |
green, becoming bronze where exposed to sun, 23–34 mm, pulp white. |
2n | = 44. |
= 22. |
Echinocereus dasyacanthus |
Echinocereus nicholii |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–May; fruiting Jun–Aug. | Flowering Mar–Apr; fruiting Jun. |
Habitat | Chihuahuan desert scrub, valleys to rocky canyonsides, limestone | Arizona Upland Subdivision of Sonoran Desert, exposed slopes, bajadas, hills, mountains, desert scrub, igneous and sedimentary substrates |
Elevation | 600-1500 m (2000-4900 ft) | 300-900 m (1000-3000 ft) |
Distribution |
NM; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila)
|
AZ; Mexico (Sonora) |
Discussion | Flower color of Echinocereus dasyacanthus is spectacularly polymorphic. Unlike E. pectinatus var. wenigeri, however, the inner tepals are never white proximally. No hybrids are known to occur where the tetraploid E. dasyacanthus grows sympatrically with the diploid E. pectinatus, near the Pecos River. The names E. pectinatus var. neomexicanus and var. minor pertain to the hybrids with E. coccineus, E. ×roetteri, including E. ×lloydia. L. D. Benson (1969) misapplied the epithet neomexicanus to E. dasyacanthus. In Big Bend National Park, a few populations with unusually short spines are the basis for erroneous reports of E. pectinatus var. wenigeri, E. pectinatus var. pectinatus, and E. ctenoides (Engelmann) Lemaire. Reports from Arizona were apparently misidentifications of E. pseudopectinatus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Although it was initially considered a variety of Echinocereus engelmannii, E. nicholii differs in chromosome number and a suite of morphologic characteristics. With its non-erumpent flower buds, diploid chromosome number, relatively small and usually pale flowers, green fruits, and exclusively yellow spines, E. nicholii more closely resembles E. ledingii than E. engelmannii. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 4. | FNA vol. 4, p. 167. |
Parent taxa | Cactaceae > subfam. Cactoideae > Echinocereus | Cactaceae > subfam. Cactoideae > Echinocereus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | E. pectinatus var. dasyacanthus | E. engelmannii var. nicholii |
Name authority | Engelmann: in F. A. Wislizenus, Mem. Tour N. Mexico, 100. (1848) | (L. D. Benson) B. D. Parfitt: Phytologia 63: 157. (1987) |
Web links |