Echinocereus bonkerae
Echinocereus papillosus
bonker hedgehog, pinkflower hedgehog cactus
allicoche cactus, allicoche hedgehog cactus, yellow-flower alicoche
mostly erect, ovoid to cylindric, 15–30(–50) × 3.5–7 cm;
ribs (11–)12–18(–20), crests slightly undulate;
areoles 8–20 mm apart.
mostly nearly erect when young, frequently decumbent in old age, cylindric, 4–15 × 2–3(–7) cm;
ribs (6–)7–10, crests strongly undulate;
areoles 10–15 mm apart.
(9–)12–17 per areole, straight in short-spined forms, sometimes curved or twisted in long-spined forms, appressed (radial spines) or porrect to spreading or descending (central spines when present), dull yellowish to brown or white to gray, often brown to black especially at bases or tips;
radial spines (9–)11–16 per areole, 5–18 mm;
central spines (0–)1(–3) per areole, 2–100 mm, white to yellow or brown, often becoming gray, all terete.
8–12 per areole, straight, appressed-spreading (radial spines) or projecting to appressed (central spines), white, yellow, or brown and white;
radial spines 7–10 per areole, to 15 mm;
central spines 1(–4) per areole, brown, terete, to 25 mm.
5–7 × 4–9 cm;
flower tube 12–20 × 10–30 mm;
flower tube hairs 1 mm;
inner tepals deep magenta (to dark purple) with darker midstripes, proximally green (to very dark purple), 20–60 × 8.5–20 mm, tips relatively thin and delicate;
anthers yellow;
nectar chamber 2–4 mm.
funnelform, 7–9 × 7–12 cm;
flower tube 20–30 × 10–30 mm;
flower tube hairs 1 mm;
inner tepals yellow, proximally orange-red to purple, 15–40 × 10–20 mm, tips relatively thin and delicate;
filaments yellowish to orange-red;
anthers yellow;
nectar chamber 4–6 mm.
bright red or orange red, 15–25 mm, pulp white (or pale pink).
green, 15–25 mm, pulp white.
= 22.
= 22.
Echinocereus bonkerae
Echinocereus papillosus
Plants in most populations of Echinocereus bonkerae have radial spines almost pectinately arranged and central spines very short or absent, creating the superficial appearance of E. dasyacanthus, E. pectinatus, or similar species. Formerly, all short-spined plants in central and southern Arizona were treated as E. bonkerae, including unusually short-spined individuals of E. fendleri and E. fasciculatus. Today we recognize that E. bonkerae, E. fendleri, and E. fasciculatus all vary from short-spined to long-spined.
Populations at the lowest altitude for the species have taller stems and unusually long, slender central spines (to 10 cm); they have recently been named Echinocereus apachensis. Such plants were part of the basis for L. D. Benson’s polyphyletic concept (1969, 1982) of E. fasciculatus var. boyce-thompsonii (see 8. E. fasciculatus).
Echinocereus bonkerae is a poorly defined species, frequently lumped with E. fendleri or E. fasciculatus, and it is not always identifiable in the field. Although rib number, blooming season, habitat preference, and, in particular regions, spine length or central spine presence are helpful characteristics, ploidy level is the most objective criterion for distinguishing E. bonkerae from E. fasciculatus. Immature plants of E. bonkerae are like E. fasciculatus and unlike the immature plants of E. fendleri, which are tuberculate with their spines long, few, soft, and often curved or twisted.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Small-stemmed plants were designated as Echinocereus papillosus var. angusticeps (Clover) W. T. Marshall, reportedly endemic near Linn, Texas. The status of the proposed variety remains unresolved but appears weak; W. Blum et al. (1998) and E. F. Anderson (2001) considered the name to be a synonym of typical E. papillosus.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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