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pale purple coneflower, wavy-leaf purple coneflower

eastern purple coneflower, purple coneflower

Habit Plants to 100 cm (roots fusiform, branched). Plants 50–120 cm (roots fibrous).
Herbage

sparsely to densely hairy (hairs spreading).

usually hairy (hairs spreading to ascending, to 2 mm), sometimes glabrous.

Stems

mostly green to purplish.

usually brownish green.

Basal leaves

petioles 4–20 cm;

blades (1-), 3-, or 5-nerved, linear to lanceolate, 5–40 × 0.5–4 cm, bases attenuate, margins entire (usually ciliate).

petioles 0–17(–25) cm;

blades 3- or 5-nerved, ovate to narrowly lanceolate, 5–30 × (1–)5–12 cm, bases usually rounded to cordate, margins usually serrate to dentate, rarely entire.

Peduncles

20–40+ cm.

8–25 cm.

Receptacles

paleae 10–14 mm, tips pinkish to purple, incurved, sharp-pointed.

paleae 9–15 mm, tips red-orange, straight or slightly curved, sharp-pointed.

Ray corollas

rose to pink or white, laminae drooping to reflexed, 40–90 × 4–7 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy abaxially.

pink to purple, laminae spreading to recurved, 30–80 × 7–19 mm, sparsely hairy abaxially.

Disc corollas

5–6.5 mm, lobes pink to purplish.

4.5–5.7 mm, lobes greenish to pink or purple.

Phyllaries

lanceolate to ovate, 7–15 × 1.5–3.5 mm.

linear to lanceolate, 8–17 × 1–8 mm.

Cypselae

tan, 3–4.5 mm, faces smooth, usually glabrous, sometimes (rays) hairy;

pappi to ca. 1 mm (usually without major teeth).

off-white, 3.5–5 mm, usually glabrous (ray cypselae sometimes hairy on angles);

pappi ca. 1.2 mm (teeth equal).

Discs

conic to hemispheric, 20–30 × 20–30 mm.

conic, 14–45 × 20–40 mm.

2n

= 22.

= 22.

Echinacea simulata

Echinacea purpurea

Phenology Flowering late spring–summer. Flowering late spring–summer.
Habitat Rocky, open, wooded hillsides, prairies Rocky, open woods, thickets, prairies, especially near waterways
Elevation 100–400 m (300–1300 ft) 10–400+ m (0–1300+ ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; GA; IL; KY; MO; TN
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; OH; OK; TN; TX; WI; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Echinacea simulata has been reported as introduced in Illinois (http://www.natureserve.org).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Echinacea purpurea is introduced in Ontario. It and cultivars derived from it are extensively grown ornamentals in gardens, wildflower roadside plantings, and prairie restoration sites. Because of its popularity as an herbal remedy, it is also grown commercially. As a result of such activities, naturalized and persisting populations may extend the natural range of E. purpurea. Selections used for such plantings may differ from native forms.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 92. FNA vol. 21, p. 91.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Echinacea Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Echinacea
Sibling taxa
E. angustifolia, E. atrorubens, E. laevigata, E. pallida, E. paradoxa, E. purpurea, E. sanguinea, E. tennesseensis
E. angustifolia, E. atrorubens, E. laevigata, E. pallida, E. paradoxa, E. sanguinea, E. simulata, E. tennesseensis
Synonyms E. speciosa, E. pallida var. simulata Rudbeckia purpurea
Name authority McGregor: Sida 3: 282. (1968) (Linnaeus) Moench: Methodus, 591. (1794)
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