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pale purple coneflower, wavy-leaf purple coneflower

Bush's purple coneflower, yellow coneflower

Habit Plants to 100 cm (roots fusiform, branched). Plants to 90 cm (roots fusiform to elongate-turbinate, branched).
Herbage

sparsely to densely hairy (hairs spreading).

sparsely to densely hairy (hairs appressed to ascending).

Stems

mostly green to purplish.

usually yellowish green (usually not branched).

Basal leaves

petioles 4–20 cm;

blades (1-), 3-, or 5-nerved, linear to lanceolate, 5–40 × 0.5–4 cm, bases attenuate, margins entire (usually ciliate).

petioles 0–15 cm;

blades (3-) or 5-nerved, usually linear or lanceolate, rarely ovate, 5–35 × 0.5–2(–2.5) cm, bases usually attenuate, margins entire (usually ciliate).

Peduncles

20–40+ cm.

(2–)10–30 cm.

Receptacles

paleae 10–14 mm, tips pinkish to purple, incurved, sharp-pointed.

paleae 10–14 mm, tips red to orange, often incurved, sharp-pointed.

Ray corollas

rose to pink or white, laminae drooping to reflexed, 40–90 × 4–7 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy abaxially.

yellow (var. paradoxa) or pinkish to white (var. neglecta), laminae reflexed, 30–70 × 3–8 mm, sparsely hairy abaxially.

Disc corollas

5–6.5 mm, lobes pink to purplish.

4.5–6.2 mm, lobes pinkish to yellowish.

Phyllaries

lanceolate to ovate, 7–15 × 1.5–3.5 mm.

lanceolate to ovate, 7–12 × 1–4 mm.

Cypselae

tan, 3–4.5 mm, faces smooth, usually glabrous, sometimes (rays) hairy;

pappi to ca. 1 mm (usually without major teeth).

tan or bicolored (with distal dark brown band), 4–5.5 mm, faces ± tuberculate, usually glabrous (angles of ray cypselae hairy distally in var. neglecta);

pappi to ca. 1.2 mm (major teeth 0–4).

Discs

conic to hemispheric, 20–30 × 20–30 mm.

ovoid to conic, 2–3.5 × 2–3.5 cm.

2n

= 22.

Echinacea simulata

Echinacea paradoxa

Phenology Flowering late spring–summer.
Habitat Rocky, open, wooded hillsides, prairies
Elevation 100–400 m (300–1300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; GA; IL; KY; MO; TN
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AR; MO; OK; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Echinacea simulata has been reported as introduced in Illinois (http://www.natureserve.org).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Ray corollas yellow; n Arkansas, s Missouri
var. paradoxa
1. Ray corollas light purple, pink, or white; s Okla-homa, n Texas
var. neglecta
Source FNA vol. 21, p. 92. FNA vol. 21, p. 90.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Echinacea Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Echinacea
Sibling taxa
E. angustifolia, E. atrorubens, E. laevigata, E. pallida, E. paradoxa, E. purpurea, E. sanguinea, E. tennesseensis
E. angustifolia, E. atrorubens, E. laevigata, E. pallida, E. purpurea, E. sanguinea, E. simulata, E. tennesseensis
Subordinate taxa
E. paradoxa var. neglecta, E. paradoxa var. paradoxa
Synonyms E. speciosa, E. pallida var. simulata Brauneria paradoxa
Name authority McGregor: Sida 3: 282. (1968) (Norton) Britton: in N. L. Britton and A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. ed. 2, 3: 476. (1913)
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