Echinacea simulata |
Echinacea |
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pale purple coneflower, wavy-leaf purple coneflower |
purple coneflower |
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Habit | Plants to 100 cm (roots fusiform, branched). | Perennials, to 140 cm (caudices vertical or horizontal; plants usually taprooted, fibrous rooted in E. purpurea). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Herbage | sparsely to densely hairy (hairs spreading). |
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Stems | mostly green to purplish. |
erect, unbranched or ± branched (glabrous or hairy, hairs appressed, ascending, or spreading, uniseriate). |
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Leaves | basal and cauline; alternate; petiolate (at least basal and proximal cauline, petioles progressively shorter distally); blades (1-, 3-, or 5-nerved) linear to lanceolate or elliptic to ovate (distal smaller), bases mostly attenuate (decurrent on petioles) to cuneate, sometimes rounded or cordate, margins usually entire, sometimes dentate or serrate, faces usually hairy (hairs uniseriate, usually with 1–4 rings of cells surrounding bases), sometimes glabrate or glabrous. |
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Basal leaves | petioles 4–20 cm; blades (1-), 3-, or 5-nerved, linear to lanceolate, 5–40 × 0.5–4 cm, bases attenuate, margins entire (usually ciliate). |
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Peduncles | 20–40+ cm. |
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Involucres | crateriform to hemispheric, 12–40 mm diam. |
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Receptacles | paleae 10–14 mm, tips pinkish to purple, incurved, sharp-pointed. |
hemispheric to conic, paleate (paleae orange to reddish purple distally, surpassing disc corollas, bases partially surrounding cypselae, bodies keeled, apices abruptly constricted to awnlike tips; discs 10–45 × 15–40 mm). |
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Ray florets/ |
rose to pink or white, laminae drooping to reflexed, 40–90 × 4–7 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy abaxially. |
8–21, neuter; corollas dark purple to pale pink, white, or yellow (tubes glabrous or sparsely hairy, laminae spreading, reflexed, or drooping, linear to elliptic or obovate, abaxial faces glabrous or moderately hairy). |
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Disc florets/ |
5–6.5 mm, lobes pink to purplish. |
200–300+, bisexual, fertile; corollas pinkish, greenish, reddish purple, or yellow, tubes shorter than throats (often sparsely hairy), lobes 5 (erect or spreading to recurved), triangular (pollen usually yellow, usually white in E. pallida). |
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Phyllaries | lanceolate to ovate, 7–15 × 1.5–3.5 mm. |
persistent, 15–50 in 2–4 series (spreading, recurved, or reflexed, linear or lanceolate to ovate, subequal to unequal, mostly herbaceous, apices mostly attenuate, abaxial faces usually hairy, sometimes glabrate or glabrous). |
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Heads | radiate, borne singly (on relatively long peduncles). |
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Cypselae | tan, 3–4.5 mm, faces smooth, usually glabrous, sometimes (rays) hairy; pappi to ca. 1 mm (usually without major teeth). |
(tan or bicolored with dark brown band distally) 3- or 4-angled (faces smooth to finely tuberculate, glabrous or sparsely hairy); pappi persistent, ± coroniform (with 0–4 ± prominent teeth). |
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Discs | conic to hemispheric, 20–30 × 20–30 mm. |
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x | = 11. |
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2n | = 22. |
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Echinacea simulata |
Echinacea |
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Phenology | Flowering late spring–summer. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Rocky, open, wooded hillsides, prairies | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 100–400 m (300–1300 ft) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AR; GA; IL; KY; MO; TN
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e North America; c North America |
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Discussion | Echinacea simulata has been reported as introduced in Illinois (http://www.natureserve.org). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species 9 (9 in the flora). In keys and descriptions, “discs” refers to receptacles at late flowering with paleae and florets included in assessing shapes and in measurements of lengths and diameters. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 92. | FNA vol. 21, p. 88. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Echinacea | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | E. speciosa, E. pallida var. simulata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | McGregor: Sida 3: 282. (1968) | Moench: Methodus, 591. (1794) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |