Echinacea purpurea |
Echinacea tennesseensis |
|
---|---|---|
eastern purple coneflower, purple coneflower |
Tennessee purple coneflower |
|
Habit | Plants 50–120 cm (roots fibrous). | Plants to 50 cm (roots elongate-turbinate, branched). |
Herbage | usually hairy (hairs spreading to ascending, to 2 mm), sometimes glabrous. |
sparsely to densely hairy (indument relatively soft, hairs spreading, to 2+ mm). |
Stems | usually brownish green. |
yellowish green becoming tan. |
Basal leaves | petioles 0–17(–25) cm; blades 3- or 5-nerved, ovate to narrowly lanceolate, 5–30 × (1–)5–12 cm, bases usually rounded to cordate, margins usually serrate to dentate, rarely entire. |
petioles 2–10 cm; blades 1- or 3-nerved, linear to lanceolate, 6–12 × 0.7–1.5 cm, bases attenuate, margins entire (usually ciliate). |
Peduncles | 8–25 cm. |
8–25+ cm. |
Receptacles | paleae 9–15 mm, tips red-orange, straight or slightly curved, sharp-pointed. |
paleae 9–12 mm, tips purple, 2–3 mm, often incurved, rounded to acute. |
Ray corollas | pink to purple, laminae spreading to recurved, 30–80 × 7–19 mm, sparsely hairy abaxially. |
pink to purplish, laminae spreading to reflexed, 20–40 × 3–4 mm, moderately hairy abaxially. |
Disc corollas | 4.5–5.7 mm, lobes greenish to pink or purple. |
5.5–6.5 mm, lobes usually purple. |
Phyllaries | linear to lanceolate, 8–17 × 1–8 mm. |
lanceolate to ovate, 5–10 × 1.5–2.5 mm. |
Cypselae | off-white, 3.5–5 mm, usually glabrous (ray cypselae sometimes hairy on angles); pappi ca. 1.2 mm (teeth equal). |
tan, 4–5 mm, faces smooth, glabrous; pappi to ca. 1.2 mm (major teeth 0–4). |
Discs | conic, 14–45 × 20–40 mm. |
conic, 10–25 × 15–25 mm. |
2n | = 22. |
= 22. |
Echinacea purpurea |
Echinacea tennesseensis |
|
Phenology | Flowering late spring–summer. | Flowering in summer. |
Habitat | Rocky, open woods, thickets, prairies, especially near waterways | Dry, rocky hills, barrens |
Elevation | 10–400+ m (0–1300+ ft) | 100–200 m (300–700 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; OH; OK; TN; TX; WI; ON
|
TN |
Discussion | Echinacea purpurea is introduced in Ontario. It and cultivars derived from it are extensively grown ornamentals in gardens, wildflower roadside plantings, and prairie restoration sites. Because of its popularity as an herbal remedy, it is also grown commercially. As a result of such activities, naturalized and persisting populations may extend the natural range of E. purpurea. Selections used for such plantings may differ from native forms. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Echinacea tennesseensis is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 91. | FNA vol. 21, p. 92. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Echinacea | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Echinacea |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Rudbeckia purpurea | Brauneria tennesseensis, E. pallida var. tennesseensis |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Moench: Methodus, 591. (1794) | (Beadle) Small: Man. S.E. Fl., 1421, 1509. (1933) |
Web links |