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eastern purple coneflower, purple coneflower

Topeka purple coneflower, yellowsampson

Habit Plants 50–120 cm (roots fibrous). Plants to 90 cm (roots elongate-turbinate, ± branched).
Herbage

usually hairy (hairs spreading to ascending, to 2 mm), sometimes glabrous.

usually hairy (hairs appressed to ascending, spreading on adaxial leaf faces, to 1.2 mm), rarely glabrous.

Stems

usually brownish green.

light green to tan.

Basal leaves

petioles 0–17(–25) cm;

blades 3- or 5-nerved, ovate to narrowly lanceolate, 5–30 × (1–)5–12 cm, bases usually rounded to cordate, margins usually serrate to dentate, rarely entire.

petioles 0–12(–20) cm;

blades (1-), 3-, or 5-nerved, usually linear or lanceolate, rarely ovate, 5–30 × 0.5–3 cm, bases attenuate, margins usually entire.

Peduncles

8–25 cm.

20–50 cm.

Receptacles

paleae 9–15 mm, tips red-orange, straight or slightly curved, sharp-pointed.

paleae 9–15 mm, tips red to orange-tipped, usually straight, sharp-pointed.

Ray corollas

pink to purple, laminae spreading to recurved, 30–80 × 7–19 mm, sparsely hairy abaxially.

purple, rarely pink or white, laminae reflexed, 19–35 × 2–7 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy abaxially.

Disc corollas

4.5–5.7 mm, lobes greenish to pink or purple.

4.5–5.5 mm, lobes greenish to pink or purple.

Phyllaries

linear to lanceolate, 8–17 × 1–8 mm.

linear to lanceolate, 6–15 × 1–3 mm.

Cypselae

off-white, 3.5–5 mm, usually glabrous (ray cypselae sometimes hairy on angles);

pappi ca. 1.2 mm (teeth equal).

tan, 4–5 mm, faces finely tuberculate, glabrous;

pappi to 1.2 mm (major teeth 3–4).

Discs

conic, 14–45 × 20–40 mm.

ovoid to conic, 25–35 × 20–40 mm.

2n

= 22.

= 11.

Echinacea purpurea

Echinacea atrorubens

Phenology Flowering late spring–summer. Flowering mostly late spring.
Habitat Rocky, open woods, thickets, prairies, especially near waterways Dry, limestone or sandstone outcrops, prairies
Elevation 10–400+ m (0–1300+ ft) 50–500 m (200–1600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; OH; OK; TN; TX; WI; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
KS; OK; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Echinacea purpurea is introduced in Ontario. It and cultivars derived from it are extensively grown ornamentals in gardens, wildflower roadside plantings, and prairie restoration sites. Because of its popularity as an herbal remedy, it is also grown commercially. As a result of such activities, naturalized and persisting populations may extend the natural range of E. purpurea. Selections used for such plantings may differ from native forms.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 91. FNA vol. 21.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Echinacea Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Echinacea
Sibling taxa
E. angustifolia, E. atrorubens, E. laevigata, E. pallida, E. paradoxa, E. sanguinea, E. simulata, E. tennesseensis
E. angustifolia, E. laevigata, E. pallida, E. paradoxa, E. purpurea, E. sanguinea, E. simulata, E. tennesseensis
Synonyms Rudbeckia purpurea Rudbeckia atrorubens
Name authority (Linnaeus) Moench: Methodus, 591. (1794) (Nuttall) Nuttall: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 7: 354. (1840)
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