Echinacea angustifolia |
Echinacea simulata |
|
---|---|---|
blacksamson, blacksamson echinacea, narrow-leaf purple coneflower, purple coneflower |
pale purple coneflower, wavy-leaf purple coneflower |
|
Habit | Plants to 70 cm (roots usually fusiform, ± branched). | Plants to 100 cm (roots fusiform, branched). |
Herbage | moderately to densely hairy (induments relatively harsh, hairs spreading, ca. 1–2 mm). |
sparsely to densely hairy (hairs spreading). |
Stems | mostly green to purplish. |
mostly green to purplish. |
Basal leaves | petioles 2–12 cm; blades (1-), 3-, or (5-)nerved, elliptic to lanceolate, 7–30 × 0.5–2.5(–4) cm, bases cuneate to attenuate, margins entire (usually ciliate). |
petioles 4–20 cm; blades (1-), 3-, or 5-nerved, linear to lanceolate, 5–40 × 0.5–4 cm, bases attenuate, margins entire (usually ciliate). |
Peduncles | 10–30 cm. |
20–40+ cm. |
Receptacles | paleae 9–14 mm, tips purple, straight, sharp-pointed. |
paleae 10–14 mm, tips pinkish to purple, incurved, sharp-pointed. |
Ray corollas | pink to purplish, laminae reflexed, 15–40 × 5–8 mm, sparsely hairy abaxially. |
rose to pink or white, laminae drooping to reflexed, 40–90 × 4–7 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy abaxially. |
Disc corollas | 5–7+ mm, lobes usually purple. |
5–6.5 mm, lobes pink to purplish. |
Phyllaries | lanceolate to ovate, 6–12 × 1–2.5 mm. |
lanceolate to ovate, 7–15 × 1.5–3.5 mm. |
Cypselae | often bicolored, tan proximally, dark brown banded distally, 4–5 mm, faces ± smooth, usually glabrous; pappi to ca. 1 mm (major teeth 0–4). |
tan, 3–4.5 mm, faces smooth, usually glabrous, sometimes (rays) hairy; pappi to ca. 1 mm (usually without major teeth). |
Discs | conic to hemispheric, 15–30 × 20–35 mm. |
conic to hemispheric, 20–30 × 20–30 mm. |
2n | = 22, 44. |
= 22. |
Echinacea angustifolia |
Echinacea simulata |
|
Phenology | Flowering late spring–mid summer. | Flowering late spring–summer. |
Habitat | dry prairies, barrens, rocky to sandy-clay soils | Rocky, open, wooded hillsides, prairies |
Elevation | 100–1600 m (300–5200 ft) | 100–400 m (300–1300 ft) |
Distribution |
CO; IA; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; OK; SD; TX; WY; MB; SK
|
AR; GA; IL; KY; MO; TN
|
Discussion | R. L. McGregor (1967, 1968) recognized Echinacea angustifolia var. strigosa as a complex of diploid and tetraploid populations ranging geographically from southeastern Kansas and central Oklahoma to north-central Texas. He noted that var. strigosa is distinguishable by its shorter stature, stems frequently branched, somewhat flexuous, distally strigose to strigose-hirsute that retain, in part, a green color upon drying. A hybrid origin for var. strigosa was suggested based on the morphologic intermediacy of natural populations compared to synthesized hybrids between typical E. angustifolia and E. atrorubens (McGregor 1968). Populations along the southern boundary of the range of var. strigosa are tetraploid. In their morphometric analyses, S. E. Binns et al. (2002) did not recognize var. strigosa; they found it indistinguishable from typical E. angustifolia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Echinacea simulata has been reported as introduced in Illinois (http://www.natureserve.org). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21. | FNA vol. 21, p. 92. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Echinacea | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Echinacea |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | E. angustifolia var. strigosa | E. speciosa, E. pallida var. simulata |
Name authority | de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 5: 554. (1836) | McGregor: Sida 3: 282. (1968) |
Web links |