Echinacea angustifolia |
Echinacea pallida |
|
---|---|---|
blacksamson, blacksamson echinacea, narrow-leaf purple coneflower, purple coneflower |
pale purple coneflower, purple coneflower |
|
Habit | Plants to 70 cm (roots usually fusiform, ± branched). | Plants to 140 cm (roots fusiform to narrowly turbinate, usually branched). |
Herbage | moderately to densely hairy (induments relatively harsh, hairs spreading, ca. 1–2 mm). |
sparsely to densely hairy (hairs spreading, ca. 1.5–1.7 mm). |
Stems | mostly green to purplish. |
green to purplish (rarely branched). |
Basal leaves | petioles 2–12 cm; blades (1-), 3-, or (5-)nerved, elliptic to lanceolate, 7–30 × 0.5–2.5(–4) cm, bases cuneate to attenuate, margins entire (usually ciliate). |
petioles 5–20+ cm; blades (1-), 3-, or 5-nerved, elliptic to lanceolate, 12–40 × 1–4 cm, bases cuneate to attenuate, margins entire (usually ciliate). |
Peduncles | 10–30 cm. |
15–50 cm. |
Receptacles | paleae 9–14 mm, tips purple, straight, sharp-pointed. |
paleae 9–14 mm, tips purple, usually incurved, sharp-pointed. |
Ray corollas | pink to purplish, laminae reflexed, 15–40 × 5–8 mm, sparsely hairy abaxially. |
pink to reddish purple, laminae reflexed, 40–90 × 3–4 mm, sparsely hairy abaxially. |
Disc corollas | 5–7+ mm, lobes usually purple. |
5.5–6.7 mm, lobes usually pink to purple (pollen usually white, rarely lemon yellow). |
Phyllaries | lanceolate to ovate, 6–12 × 1–2.5 mm. |
lanceolate to ovate, 7–15 × 1–3 mm. |
Cypselae | often bicolored, tan proximally, dark brown banded distally, 4–5 mm, faces ± smooth, usually glabrous; pappi to ca. 1 mm (major teeth 0–4). |
tan or bicolored, 2.5–5 mm, faces ± smooth, usually glabrous; pappi to ca. 1 mm (major teeth 0–4). |
Discs | conic to hemispheric, 15–30 × 20–35 mm. |
conic to hemispheric, 20–40 × 25–37 mm. |
2n | = 22, 44. |
= 22. |
Echinacea angustifolia |
Echinacea pallida |
|
Phenology | Flowering late spring–mid summer. | Flowering late spring–summer. |
Habitat | dry prairies, barrens, rocky to sandy-clay soils | Rocky prairies, open wooded hillsides, and glades |
Elevation | 100–1600 m (300–5200 ft) | 50–1500 m (200–4900 ft) |
Distribution |
CO; IA; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; OK; SD; TX; WY; MB; SK
|
AL; AR; CT; IA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MA; ME; MI; MO; NC; NE; NY; OK; TN; TX; VA; WI; ON
|
Discussion | R. L. McGregor (1967, 1968) recognized Echinacea angustifolia var. strigosa as a complex of diploid and tetraploid populations ranging geographically from southeastern Kansas and central Oklahoma to north-central Texas. He noted that var. strigosa is distinguishable by its shorter stature, stems frequently branched, somewhat flexuous, distally strigose to strigose-hirsute that retain, in part, a green color upon drying. A hybrid origin for var. strigosa was suggested based on the morphologic intermediacy of natural populations compared to synthesized hybrids between typical E. angustifolia and E. atrorubens (McGregor 1968). Populations along the southern boundary of the range of var. strigosa are tetraploid. In their morphometric analyses, S. E. Binns et al. (2002) did not recognize var. strigosa; they found it indistinguishable from typical E. angustifolia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Echinacea pallida is generally regarded as introduced in Connecticut, Georgia, Maine, Massachusetts, New York, North Carolina, and Virginia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21. | FNA vol. 21, p. 90. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Echinacea | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Echinacea |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | E. angustifolia var. strigosa | Rudbeckia pallida |
Name authority | de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 5: 554. (1836) | (Nuttall) Nuttall: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 7: 354. (1840) |
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