Dysphania multifida |
Dysphania botrys |
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cut-leaf glandular-goosefoot, cut-leaf goosefoot, many-cleft goosefoot, small-leaf worm-seed |
feather-geranium, Jerusalem oak goosefoot, Jerusalem-oak |
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Habit | Plants perennial (possibly annual in some parts of its range). | |
Stems | prostrate or ascending, much-branched, 1.5–7 dm, densely puberulent. |
erect to ascending, branched at base to ± simple, 1–6(–10) dm, pubescent with short-stalked glandular hairs. |
Leaves | nonaromatic; petiole absent or indistinguishable from blade; blade oblong to elliptic, 0.6–4.5 × 0.1–1(–2) cm, base narrowly cuneate, margins deeply and irregularly pinnatifid with narrow, linear lobes, sometimes only dentate, apex acute to obtuse, glandular-pubescent abaxially. |
aromatic; petiole to 2.5 mm; blade 1.3–4 × 0.6–2.7 cm, base cuneate, margins lyrate-sinuate, pinnatifid, or occasionally entire (in distal leaves), apex acute to subobtuse, glandular-pubescent abaxially. |
Inflorescences | lateral glomerules 1.8–3.5 mm diam.; bracts similar to cauline leaves. |
axillary cymes, often arranged in terminal thyrses, 12–24 cm, subtended by cauline leaves; bracts absent. |
Flowers | perianth segments (4–)5, connate for most of their length, urceolate, tube with distinct reticulate veins, distinct portion 0.1–0.5 mm, margins dentate, apex rounded to broadly acute, accrescent and coriaceous with age, enclosing fruit; stamens 5; stigmas (2–)3(–5). |
perianth segments 5, distinct nearly to base, distinct portion elliptic or ovate to oblong, 0.7–1.1 × 0.5–0.7 mm, apex acute to obtuse, rounded abaxially, densely glandular-pubescent, covering fruit at maturity; stamens 1–3(–5); stigmas 2. |
Achenes | obovoid; pericarp loosely adherent, membranaceous, with many yellow glandular hairs near apex, otherwise smooth. |
subglobose; pericarp adherent, membranaceous, papillose, becoming rugose, usually white-blotchy. |
Seeds | vertical, suborbicular to ovoid, 0.8–1.3 × 0.8–1 mm; seed coat smooth. |
globose to subglobose, (0.5–) 0.6–0.8 × 0.5–0.7 mm, margins rounded (rarely indistinctly furrowed); seed coat rugose. |
2n | = 18. |
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Dysphania multifida |
Dysphania botrys |
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Phenology | Fruiting mid summer–late fall. | Fruiting Aug–Oct. |
Habitat | Waste ground, sandy shores and ballast dumps near coast | Sandy or gravelly soils, dry rocky ridges and cliffs, mud flats, waste places |
Elevation | 0-700 m (0-2300 ft) | 0-2000 m (0-6600 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; FL; GA; MA; NJ; NY; OR; PA; SC; VA; South America [Introduced in North America; introduced widely throughout the tropical and warm-temperate regions of world]
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AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; BC; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; s Europe; s Asia; c Asia; se Asia [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Dysphania botrys is related to a species from Africa and southern Eurasia, D. schraderiana (Schultes) Mosyakin & Clemants, which may occur locally in North America as introduced. Dysphania schraderiana has distinctly keeled perianth segments with mostly sessile or subsessile glands. The general inflorescence in D. schraderiana is usually leafy almost to the top, distal cauline leaves are similar to proximal ones (in D. botrys distal leaves are normally much reduced, and the distal portion of the general inflorescence appears nearly leafless). H. A. Wahl (1954) reported that D. schraderiana (as Chenopodium schraderianum) had been grown in Ontario. He did not indicate that it had escaped. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 271. | FNA vol. 4, p. 272. |
Parent taxa | Chenopodiaceae > Dysphania > sect. Adenois | Chenopodiaceae > Dysphania > sect. Botryoides > subsect. Botrys |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Chenopodium multifidum, Roubieva multifida, Teloxys multifida | Chenopodium botrys, Teloxys botrys |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Mosyakin & Clemants: Ukrayins’k. Bot. Zhurn., n. s. 59: 382. (2002) | (Linnaeus) Mosyakin & Clemants: Ukrayins’k. Bot. Zhurn., n. s. 59: 383. (2002) |
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