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crested glandular-goosefoot, crested goosefoot

epazote, Mexican-tea, worm-seed

Habit Plants annual.
Stems

prostrate, branched, 3–5 dm, pilose and glandular-pilose, or with sessile glands.

erect to ascending, much-branched, 3–10(–15) dm, ± glandular-pubescent.

Leaves

aromatic;

petiole 0.7–1 cm;

blade ovate or elliptic, 1.3–2.1 × 1.1–1.5 cm, reduced somewhat in inflorescence, base cuneate, apex obtuse, glandular-pubescent.

aromatic, distal leaves sessile;

petiole to 18 mm;

blade ovate to oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, proximal ones mostly lanceolate, 2–8(–12) × 0.5–4(–5.5) cm, base cuneate, margins entire, dentate, or laciniate, apex obtuse to attenuate, copiously gland-dotted (rarely glabrous).

Inflorescences

axillary glomerules;

glomerules subglobose, 4–6 mm diam.;

bracts similar to cauline leaves, elliptic, reduced to 0.8 mm, margins crenate-dentate, apex obtuse.

lateral spikes, 3–7 cm;

glomerules globose, 1.5–2.3 mm diam.;

bracts leaflike, lanceolate, oblanceolate, spatulate, or linear, 0.3–2.5 cm, apex obtuse, acute, or attenuate.

Flowers

perianth segments 5, distinct nearly to base, distinct portions elliptic to oblong, strongly keeled, 1.8–1.9 × 0.3–0.5 mm, apex acuminate, fimbriate and hirsute, pubescent with septate hairs, hardly enclosing fruit, becoming white, strongly crested and 5-winged vertically, rostrate, semiorbiculate, and cartilaginous in fruit;

stamen 1;

stigmas 2.

perianth segments 4–5, connate for ca. 1/2 their length, distinct portion ovate, rounded abaxially, 0.7–1 mm, apex obtuse, glandular-pubescent, covering seed at maturity;

stamens 4–5;

stigmas 3.

Achenes

ovoid;

pericarp adherent, membranaceous, slightly rugose and papillate.

ovoid;

pericarp nonadherent, rugose to smooth.

Seeds

reddish brown, ovoid, 0.6–0.7 × 0.5–0.6 mm, margins slightly keeled over radicle and grooved over cotyledons;

seed coat smooth.

horizontal or vertical, reddish brown, ovoid, 0.6–1 × 0.4–0.5 mm;

seed coat rugose to smooth.

Dysphania cristata

Dysphania ambrosioides

Phenology Fruiting summer. Fruiting summer–fall.
Habitat Wool waste areas River bottoms, dry lake beds, flower beds, waste areas
Elevation 10 m (0 ft) 0-700 m (0-2300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
SC; Australia [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; ON; QC; native to North America and South America; widely naturalized throughout the tropics and warm-temperate regions of the world
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Southern populations of Dysphania ambrosioides are native while those populations in the northern part of the flora area are introduced.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 4, p. 275. FNA vol. 4, p. 270.
Parent taxa Chenopodiaceae > Dysphania > sect. Orthospora Chenopodiaceae > Dysphania > sect. Adenois
Sibling taxa
D. ambrosioides, D. anthelmintica, D. aristata, D. botrys, D. carinata, D. chilensis, D. graveolens, D. multifida, D. pumilio
D. anthelmintica, D. aristata, D. botrys, D. carinata, D. chilensis, D. cristata, D. graveolens, D. multifida, D. pumilio
Synonyms Blitum cristatum Chenopodium ambrosioides, Chenopodium ambrosioides var. suffruticosum, Teloxys ambrosioides
Name authority (F. Mueller) Mosyakin & Clemants: Ukrayins’k. Bot. Zhurn., n. s. 59: 382. (2002) (Linnaeus) Mosyakin & Clemants: Ukrayins’k. Bot. Zhurn., n. s. 59: 382. (2002)
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